Brain Basics Uncovered

Overview

In this 45-minute engaging and hands-on lesson, students aged 12-14 (Years 7 & 8) will be introduced to the brain's basic structure and its main functions, focusing on the cerebrum, cerebellum, and brainstem. The lesson includes a physical activity to identify and discuss brain regions, helping students to connect form with function.

This lesson ties closely with the Australian Curriculum v9 Science strand for Year 7 and 8, particularly in biological sciences where students explore the structure and function of body systems, and engage in scientific inquiry and communication.

Curriculum Alignment and Learning Objectives

Australian Curriculum Links

AC9S8U02 (Years 8): Analyse the relationship between structure and function of cells, tissues, and organs in an animal organ system and explain how these systems enable survival of the individual
AC9S7I08 (Year 7): Write and create texts to communicate ideas, findings and arguments for specific purposes and audiences, including selection of appropriate language and text features, using digital tools as appropriate

Learning Objectives

By the end of this lesson, students will be able to:

Identify and name the major parts of the brain: cerebrum, cerebellum, and brainstem.
Describe the basic functions of each brain part.
Explain the relationship between the brain’s structure and its functions in regulating bodily processes.
Collaboratively engage in a hands-on activity to locate and label these brain regions.
Communicate their understanding both orally and visually using appropriate scientific language.

Lesson Plan Breakdown (45 minutes)

Time	Activity	Details
0 – 5 min	Introduction & Engagement	Teacher introduces the brain as a key organ of the nervous system. Use a stimulating question such as, "What do you think the brain controls?" to spark curiosity. Briefly explain the brain’s role in controlling body functions and processes (movement, balance, vital functions).
5 – 15 min	Explicit Teaching: Brain Structure & Function	Show a large, labelled diagram or 3D model of the human brain. Introduce the three major parts: - Cerebrum: Responsible for voluntary actions, thinking, and senses. - Cerebellum: Controls balance and coordination. - Brainstem: Manages vital involuntary functions like heartbeat and breathing. Discuss each part’s function with relatable examples (“When you catch a ball, which part helps?”). Use age-appropriate scientific terms.
15 – 30 min	Hands-on Activity: Brain Mapping	Students work in pairs or small groups. Provide printed blank brain diagrams or 3D brain puzzles/models. Task: Label the cerebrum, cerebellum, and brainstem, and write one key function next to each. Circulate and support, asking guiding questions to ensure understanding. Optionally, use an interactive digital app or virtual brain tour (if technology permits). This encourages digital literacy per AC9S7I08.
30 – 40 min	Group Discussion and Reflection	Each group presents their labelled brain diagram/model and explains one function. Teacher prompts with questions to link structure with function. Link back to daily life scenarios (e.g., “What happens if the cerebellum is damaged?”).
40 – 45 min	Conclusion & Formative Assessment	Summarise key points. Quick quiz/game: “Which part of the brain...?” questions answered by a show of hands or quiz cards. Set a simple reflective question for students to write down (in notebooks or online platform): “Why is the brain important for everyday activities?” Explain that next lessons will explore how the brain supports mindfulness and emotional regulation.

Teaching and Learning Strategies

Visual learning: Use diagrams, models, and possibly digital simulations.
Kinesthetic learning: Hands-on labelling and brain models enhance tactile memory.
Collaborative learning: Partner or small group work encourages peer teaching.
Inquiry-based questioning: Promotes critical thinking about brain functions.

Resources Needed

Large visual brain diagram or 3D brain model.
Blank brain diagrams or brain puzzle kits for each group.
Markers, coloured pencils.
(Optional) Tablets/computers with access to brain apps or simulations.
Whiteboard / projector for introduction.

Assessment (Formative)

Observation of group activity participation and accuracy of brain region labelling.
Oral presentation assessing use of correct terminology.
Written/reflection entry on the brain’s significance.
Quick quiz/game feedback to check understanding.

Teacher Notes

Emphasise clear use of scientific vocabulary: cerebrum, cerebellum, brainstem, voluntary/involuntary actions.
Relate brain functions to students' personal experiences — sports, emotions, basic bodily processes.
Be sensitive to differing abilities; provide labelled templates for those who need scaffolding.
Connect with First Nations perspectives where possible by acknowledging the brain as central to the mind and personhood, opening opportunities for cross-curriculum links in HASS or Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander histories and cultures.

This lesson provides a strong foundation in brain science aligned with the Australian Curriculum v9 for Years 7 & 8 Science, preparing students for deeper explorations in this unit "Mindful Brain Science".

If you need subsequent lessons or complementary assessment tasks for the unit, I can provide those too!

Teaching Instructions