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Piano Basics & Theory

Music • 60 • 25 students • Created with AI following Aligned with Australian Curriculum (F-10)

Music
60
25 students
12 October 2025

Teaching Instructions

Create a detailed 4-week Year 7 General Music lesson plan focused on piano basics and music theory. The plan includes 2 lessons per week (8 lessons total). Each lesson should have clear learning objectives aligned with the Australian ACARA Music curriculum for Years 7 and 8, interactive and fun activities using mini keyboards, headphones, pens and paper, and familiar contemporary songs like "Hey Jude" and "Ocean Eyes." The lessons should be designed for relief teachers without musical backgrounds, with clear instructions and resources. Also create a teacher edition with answers and guidance for each lesson. Lessons include:

Week 1:

  • Lesson 1: Introduction to piano keyboard layout, basic hand position, simple rhythm patterns using "Hey Jude" intro.
  • Lesson 2: Basic music theory concepts — notes, rhythm values, simple melodies on keyboard.

Week 2:

  • Lesson 3: Practice "Ocean Eyes" melody focusing on rhythm and pitch accuracy.
  • Lesson 4: Introduction to chords and harmony — basic chords on keyboard.

Week 3:

  • Lesson 5: Combining melody and chords — simple accompaniments with one hand.
  • Lesson 6: Using dynamics and expression on piano, playing with headphones.

Week 4:

  • Lesson 7: Group performance preparation — rehearsing "Hey Jude" and "Ocean Eyes" parts.
  • Lesson 8: Performance and reflection — student performances, peer feedback, discussion.

Include assessment ideas and resources for each lesson. Provide teacher edition notes with answers and tips for non-specialist teachers.

Week 1

Lesson 1: Keyboard Introduction & Rhythm Basics (60 mins)

Learning Objectives:

  • Identify piano keyboard layout including middle C and octave groups (AC9AMU8D01)
  • Demonstrate correct basic hand position for playing piano (AC9AMU8P01)
  • Perform simple rhythm patterns by clapping and on keyboards, following "Hey Jude" intro rhythm (AC9AMU8D01_E2, AC9AMU8P01_E3)

Resources:

  • Mini keyboards, headphones (1 per student)
  • Printed keyboard diagrams (black & white)
  • Pens and paper
  • "Hey Jude" intro audio clip simplified for rhythm learning

Activities Breakdown:

  1. Keyboard Orientation (15 mins)

    • Show diagram and real keyboard.
    • Identify groups of black keys (2 and 3), find middle C.
    • Students mark middle C and octave groups on paper keyboard diagrams.
    • Teacher models finger numbers and correct relaxed hand position.
  2. Hand Position Practice (10 mins)

    • Demonstrate basic hand rest position on middle C octave.
    • Students mirror on mini keyboards quietly (headphones).
    • Teacher circulates giving reminders for posture.
  3. Rhythm Pattern Clapping and Play (20 mins)

    • Introduce simple rhythm from "Hey Jude" intro.
    • Teacher claps rhythm slowly, students echo.
    • Students use right hand index finger to play rhythm notes on mini keyboards.
    • Repeat at increasing speed for fluency.
  4. Reflection and Assessment (15 mins)

    • Quick quiz: Students label keyboard layout on paper.
    • Informal assessment: Teacher observes hand position and rhythm accuracy.
    • Exit task: Students sketch keyboard layout and write 2 facts learned.

Teacher Edition Notes:

  • Emphasise relaxed hand, curved fingers.
  • Praise attempts with positive language to encourage confidence.
  • Non-specialist tips: Use analogy of “piano keys are like stairs with groups” to explain the black key pattern.
  • If unsure about rhythm, slow down by clapping first, then apply to keyboard.
  • Encourage headphones use to reduce distractions.

Lesson 2: Basic Music Theory & Simple Melodies (60 mins)

Learning Objectives:

  • Recognise music note names and rhythm values: crotchet (quarter), quaver (eighth), minim (half) (AC9AMU8D01_E2)
  • Read and play simple melodies on keyboard following notation.
  • Understand simple time signatures and rhythm patterns (AC9AMU8D01)

Resources:

  • Mini keyboards and headphones
  • Printed rhythm and note flashcards
  • Paper with simple melody notation (notes on staff in treble clef, no sharps/flats)
  • Pens and paper

Activities Breakdown:

  1. Note Names and Values Introduction (15 mins)

    • Show flashcards: C, D, E, F, G notes.
    • Link keyboard keys with note names.
    • Explain beat values with flashcards and clapping patterns.
  2. Time Signatures & Rhythm Practice (10 mins)

    • Introduce 4/4 time as "four beats per measure".
    • Clap and count 4 beats, integrate note value flashcards.
  3. Playing Simple Melody (20 mins)

    • Distribute simple melody notation (e.g., "Hey Jude" simplified).
    • Students locate notes on mini keyboards, play in time with metronome or backing track.
    • Use headphones for focused practice.
  4. Creative Extension & Assessment (15 mins)

    • Students create own 4-note melody on paper using note cards and note values.
    • Volunteers play their tune on keyboards.
    • Teacher checks melody correctness with simple rubric (accurate notes & rhythm).

Teacher Edition Notes:

  • Non-musician tip: Teach note names by relating to keyboard keys visually.
  • Use “count aloud” method to keep steady beat.
  • Encourage students to write notes big and clear; provide templates if required.
  • Key assessment: Can students match notes and rhythms on keyboard?

Week 2

Lesson 3: "Ocean Eyes" Melody Practice (60 mins)

Learning Objectives:

  • Play "Ocean Eyes" melody focusing on rhythm and pitch accuracy (AC9AMU8P01)
  • Demonstrate improved hand coordination on keyboard (AC9AMU8D01)

Resources:

  • Mini keyboards, headphones
  • Printed "Ocean Eyes" simplified melody notation (treble staff with note names)
  • Audio backing for "Ocean Eyes" melody part
  • Pens and paper

Activities Breakdown:

  1. Listening and Analysis (10 mins)

    • Listen to "Ocean Eyes" main melody (simplified).
    • Discuss mood and tempo.
  2. Note Identification & Practice (15 mins)

    • Break melody into short phrases.
    • Teacher demonstrates fingering on mini keyboard.
    • Students practice each phrase slowly.
  3. Playing with Backing Track (20 mins)

    • Using headphones, students play melody with backing track.
    • Group split into pairs for peer support and correction.
  4. Performance & Peer Feedback (15 mins)

    • Volunteers perform short sections.
    • Peers provide positive feedback guided by teacher prompts.

Teacher Edition Notes:

  • Emphasise consistent fingering for accuracy.
  • Keep tempo slow at first; encourage repetition.
  • Use headphones to help students focus on their part.
  • Peer feedback tips: "What did you like?", "What kept the rhythm steady?"

Lesson 4: Chords and Harmony Introduction (60 mins)

Learning Objectives:

  • Identify and play basic major and minor chords on keyboard (C, G, Am) (AC9AMU8D01_E3)
  • Understand the role of harmony in music (AC9AMU8D01)
  • Practice chord progression exercises (AC9AMU8C01)

Resources:

  • Mini keyboards and headphones
  • Printed chord charts with fingering for C, G, Am
  • Pens and paper

Activities Breakdown:

  1. Chord Theory Overview (10 mins)

    • Explain what a chord is: group of notes played together.
    • Demonstrate C major, G major, and A minor chords.
  2. Chord Finger Placement (15 mins)

    • Students locate and practice finger placement on mini keyboards.
    • Use headphones for quiet practice.
  3. Chord Progression Practice (20 mins)

    • Practice switching between chords (C - G - Am).
    • Teacher uses metronome to guide timing.
  4. Composition Warm-Up (15 mins)

    • In pairs, students create a simple chord progression using available chords.
    • Share progressions with class.

Teacher Edition Notes:

  • For non-musicians: Demonstrate chord notes visually; count fingers.
  • Encourage smooth hand movement between chords.
  • Reinforce listening to differences in chord sounds.
  • Use encouragement to maintain engagement.

Week 3

Lesson 5: Melody & Chords Together (60 mins)

Learning Objectives:

  • Combine melody and chord accompaniment using one hand (AC9AMU8P01_E4)
  • Coordinate rhythmic playing between melody and harmony elements (AC9AMU8D01)

Resources:

  • Mini keyboards, headphones
  • Simplified sheet music combining "Hey Jude" melody and chord symbols
  • Pens and paper

Activities Breakdown:

  1. Review Previous Skills (10 mins)

    • Quick warm-up on melody and chord finger placements.
  2. Split-Hand Exercise (20 mins)

    • Right hand plays melody; left hand plays simple chords.
    • Teacher guides slowly initially.
  3. Practice with Backing Track (20 mins)

    • Students use headphones to play melody-chord combo with backing track.
    • Teacher monitors and assists.
  4. Reflection & Peer Sharing (10 mins)

    • Students discuss challenges and successes.
    • Teacher leads a group reflection.

Teacher Edition Notes:

  • Emphasise patience and slow practice.
  • Use verbal counting cues for rhythm.
  • Highlight importance of listening to both hands.

Lesson 6: Dynamics and Expression (60 mins)

Learning Objectives:

  • Apply dynamics (soft/loud) and expression on keyboard (AC9AMU8D01_E5)
  • Understand how dynamics affect musical mood (AC9AMU8E01)
  • Practice playing expressively with headphones to control sound (AC9AMU8P01)

Resources:

  • Mini keyboards and headphones
  • Printed dynamic symbols and terms (pp, p, mf, f, ff)
  • Audio examples showing dynamic contrasts
  • Pens and paper

Activities Breakdown:

  1. Introduction to Dynamics (10 mins)

    • Explain dynamic markings and demonstrate on keyboard.
  2. Dynamic Practice (15 mins)

    • Practice playing scales and short pieces varying volume.
  3. Expressive Play (20 mins)

    • Play "Ocean Eyes" or "Hey Jude" focusing on dynamics.
    • Students listen through headphones and adjust accordingly.
  4. Group Discussion & Feedback (15 mins)

    • Discuss how expression changes feel and mood.
    • Peer feedback on expressive playing.

Teacher Edition Notes:

  • Use relatable terms: "play like telling a story".
  • Encourage breathing to relax for softer playing.
  • Non-expert tip: dynamics can be varied by finger pressure, but also speed of keypress.

Week 4

Lesson 7: Group Performance Preparation (60 mins)

Learning Objectives:

  • Rehearse and prepare parts for "Hey Jude" and "Ocean Eyes" group performances (AC9AMU8P01_E1)
  • Develop ensemble skills such as listening and timing (AC9AMU8D01_E2)

Resources:

  • Mini keyboards, headphones
  • Printed music parts for "Hey Jude" and "Ocean Eyes"
  • Pens and paper

Activities Breakdown:

  1. Divide Parts & Assign Roles (10 mins)

    • Assign melody, chords, rhythm parts to groups.
  2. Section Rehearsal (30 mins)

    • Practice parts individually and in groups.
    • Teacher guides and offers support.
  3. Full Ensemble Rehearsal (15 mins)

    • Bring groups together to rehearse full songs.
    • Emphasise listening to others.
  4. Reflection (5 mins)

    • Quick discussion on progress and challenges.

Teacher Edition Notes:

  • Encourage encouragement and patience among students.
  • Help groups if stuck; simplify parts if needed.
  • Use headphones or room speakers to prevent noise overlap.

Lesson 8: Performance & Reflection (60 mins)

Learning Objectives:

  • Perform prepared parts for "Hey Jude" and "Ocean Eyes" to peers (AC9AMUFP01)
  • Provide and receive constructive peer feedback (AC9AMU8D02)

Resources:

  • Mini keyboards and headphones
  • Performance space
  • Feedback forms with simple prompts e.g. “What I liked about the performance...”

Activities Breakdown:

  1. Warm-Up & Final Run-Through (15 mins)

    • Group warm-up.
    • Final rehearsal.
  2. Student Performances (30 mins)

    • Groups perform to class.
    • Teacher or peer record if possible.
  3. Peer Feedback & Discussion (10 mins)

    • Use simple prompt forms.
    • Discuss what was learned and plans for improvement.
  4. Celebrate Success (5 mins)

    • Positive reinforcement and certificates if available.

Teacher Edition Notes:

  • Create safe, encouraging atmosphere.
  • Model constructive feedback.
  • Non-specialist: Use checklist for noting down observations to guide feedback.

Alignment With Australian Curriculum (v9)

  • AC9AMU8D01: Develop and practise instrumental skills to manipulate elements of music for expressive effects.
  • AC9AMU8P01: Perform music using relevant instrumental techniques and skills.
  • AC9AMU8C01: Interpret music manipulating elements of music and techniques.
  • AC9AMU8E01: Investigate how composers use elements and devices in music across contexts.
  • AC9AMU8D02: Reflect on own and others' music for compositional and performance decisions.
  • AC9AMUFP01: Share performances with audiences and contribute to discussions.

This plan helps students meet performance, listening, and expressive criteria aligned with Year 7 and 8 Music standards in the Australian Curriculum.

All lessons use hands-on activities, familiar contemporary songs, and strategies suited for relief or non-music specialist teachers.


If you require, I can also provide a detailed Teacher Edition with answers, tips, and simplified scripts for each lesson. Would you like me to prepare that?

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