Exploring Numbers: Place Value

Overview

Duration: 90 minutes
Class size: 3 students
Unit: Weekly Learning Adventures (Lesson 1/30)
Age group: Year 5 (9-10 years)
Subject: Other (Mathematics focus)
Curriculum Link: The National Curriculum for England – Mathematics – Number and Place Value (Years 5)

Learning Objectives

By the end of the lesson, students will:

Understand and identify the place value in numbers up to 1,000,000 (NC MATHS Year 5 Number – Place Value 1)
Round numbers to the nearest ten, hundred, and thousand accurately (NC MATHS Year 5 Number – Place Value 3)
Use reasoning and problem-solving skills to explain rounding decisions (NC MATHS Year 5 Number – Place Value 4)

Reference:

National Curriculum for England - Mathematics, Key Stage 2, Year 5
Number – Place Value: Pupils should read, write, order and compare numbers to at least 1,000,000 and determine the value of each digit. They should round any number up to 1,000,000 to the nearest 10, 100, 1000, 10,000 and 100,000.

Resources Needed

Whiteboard and markers
Place value charts laminated for hands-on group use
Number cards (0-9) to build 6-digit numbers
Mini whiteboards and pens
Worksheets with rounding and place value tasks (differentiated)
Tablet or laptop for interactive games (offline or pre-installed, no internet required)
“Place Value Rounding Spinner” – a homemade spinner wheel for rounding activity
Reward stickers for motivation

Lesson Structure

1. Introduction and Starter (15 minutes)

Starter activity: “Number detectives” – each student picks 3 number cards to make a 3-digit number. They write the number on their mini whiteboard and identify place values aloud (hundreds, tens, ones). Use questions to prompt (“What digit is in the tens place? What does it represent?”).
Recap of place value to 6 digits using the laminated place value charts together.
Show a few examples on the board of large numbers (e.g. 326,482) and ask students to identify the value of specific digits.
Link to real-world: “Imagine these numbers represent people in a stadium — understanding place value helps us count them all!”

2. Main Activity Part 1 – Building and Understanding Place Value (20 minutes)

Using number cards and place value charts, students build numbers up to 1,000,000 in pairs.
They take turns to change one digit at a time and describe how the number changes in value.
Encourage verbal reasoning: explain why changing hundreds or thousands digit has a bigger effect than changing tens digit.
Teacher models rounding a number to nearest 10, then 100, then 1000, explaining the rounding rules clearly: look at the digit to the right, round up if ≥5, round down if <5.

3. Main Activity Part 2 – Interactive Rounding Games (25 minutes)

Game 1: Rounding Spin
Each student spins a spinner that lands on “nearest 10”, “nearest 100”, or “nearest 1000”. The teacher calls out or shows a number (e.g., 4,637). The student rounds the number to the spinner’s value and explains their answer.
Game 2: Place Value Battles
Using mini whiteboards, students compete to round numbers correctly to the nearest 10, 100, or 1000 called out by the teacher. The quickest accurate response scores a point.
Use supportive questioning and peer discussion.

4. Consolidation – Worksheet Tasks (20 minutes)

Provide differentiated worksheets:
- One easier worksheet focuses on identifying place values in numbers.
- One more challenging worksheet includes rounding numbers to nearest 10, 100, and 1000 and explaining decisions in writing.
Students complete individually while teacher circulates to provide support.

5. Plenary and Assessment (10 minutes)

Group reflection questions:
- What helps you remember how to round numbers?
- How can rounding numbers be useful in everyday life?
- Can you explain what happens when the digit is 5 or more?
Quick Assessment: Use mini whiteboards to individually round 3 numbers to nearest 10, 100, and 1000.
Provide instant feedback and praise.

Differentiation and Support

Support students struggling to grasp place value by using physical counters and place value grids to visualise units, tens, hundreds etc.
Challenge higher attaining students to round to nearest 10,000 or 100,000 verbally and discuss impact on number size.
Encourage peer support in games and discussions for scaffolded learning.

Cross-Curricular Links

English: Develop mathematical vocabulary such as digit, place value, round, nearest, estimate.
Computing: Use of digital interactive game for rounding reinforces numeracy and ICT skills.
PSHE: Promote teamwork and respect through group tasks and turn-taking during games.

Assessment Opportunities

Formative through questioning and observation during games and activities.
Written evidence from worksheets for understanding place value and rounding skills.
Use plenary responses to assess conceptual grasp of rounding rules and place value explanation.

Homework/Extension Task

“Number Adventure at Home” – Students find numbers around their home or in newspapers, write down 3 numbers, and practise rounding them to nearest 10, 100, and 1000. Prepare to share in next lesson.

Reflection Notes for Teacher (Post-Lesson)

Which activities did students engage with most and why?
Did any students struggle with rounding rules? How to support them in next lessons?
Any particular misconceptions noted, e.g., rounding down when digit =5? Plan mini interventions.

This lesson optimises a hands-on, interactive approach to securely establish Year 5 students’ understanding of place value and rounding, fully aligned with the National Curriculum expectations. The use of games and reasoning promotes deeper mathematical thinking while friendly competition maintains enthusiasm in this small group setting.

Teaching Instructions