📚 Part 1: Energy Concepts

1. Which of the following is the best definition of energy?

The force acting on an object

The ability to do work or cause change

The speed at which an object moves

The mass of an object

2. A ball sitting on a shelf has which type of energy?

Kinetic energy only

Potential energy only

Both kinetic and potential energy

No energy at all

3. Which forms of energy are present in a moving car? (Select all that apply)

Kinetic energy

Heat energy

Sound energy

Electrical energy

4. When a basketball player dribbles a ball, what energy transfer occurs when the ball hits the ground?

Kinetic energy → potential energy

Potential energy → kinetic energy

Kinetic energy → kinetic energy + sound energy + heat energy

No energy transfer occurs

🧮 Part 2: Energy Calculations

5. Calculate the gravitational potential energy (GPE) of a 2.5 kg book placed on a shelf 1.8 metres high. Use g = 10 m/s²

Formula: GPE = mgh

Answer: GPE = ________ J

6. A cyclist has a mass of 70 kg and is travelling at 8 m/s. Calculate their kinetic energy.

Formula: KE = ½mv²

Answer: KE = ________ J

7. A 0.15 kg tennis ball is dropped from a height of 2.0 metres. Calculate:

a) The potential energy at the top (use g = 10 m/s²)

PE = ________ J

b) The kinetic energy just before it hits the ground (assuming no energy is lost)

KE = ________ J

✏️ Part 3: Energy Analysis

8. Explain what happens to the energy when a pendulum swings from its highest point to its lowest point.

9. A roller coaster car with a mass of 500 kg is at the top of a 25 metre high hill. If it rolls down and reaches a speed of 20 m/s at the bottom, calculate:

a) Initial potential energy at the top

PE = ________ J

b) Kinetic energy at the bottom

KE = ________ J

c) Suggest why these two values might be different.

10. List three examples of energy transfers that occur in a mobile phone when you make a call.

Energy Concepts and Calculations

Energy Concepts and Calculations

📚 Part 1: Energy Concepts

🧮 Part 2: Energy Calculations

✏️ Part 3: Energy Analysis

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