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Forces and Motion Review

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Forces and Motion Review

A science team is testing how forces affect a cart, a ramp and a few everyday machines. Complete each task. Use newtons (N) for force and include units in calculations.

Spot the forces

Choose the best answer for Questions 1–3. For Question 4, select every correct answer.

1.Which force can pull an object towards Earth without touching it?

Friction
Gravity
Air resistance
A push

2.What is the correct unit for measuring force?

Kilogram (kg)
Metre (m)
Newton (N)
Second (s)

3.A cart is pushed with 18 N to the right and 11 N to the left. What is the net force?

29 N to the right
7 N to the right
7 N to the left
0 N

4.Select all the contact forces in this list: friction, magnetism, air resistance and gravity.

5.A cart is on level ground. Which pair of forces acts vertically on the cart?

6.The push and friction arrows are unequal. If the push is 14 N right and friction is 9 N left, calculate the net force and state the direction of the cart’s change in motion.

Make sense of motion

Use what you know about balanced forces, friction and simple machines to solve the team’s problems.

7.A stationary equipment box has a 20 N push to the right and a 20 N push to the left. Are the forces balanced or unbalanced? What happens to the box’s motion?

8.A cyclist uses friction between the tyres and the road to travel safely. Give one way friction is useful here and one way friction can be a disadvantage for moving parts.

9.Name the simple machine in each example: (a) the ramp, (b) the flagpole wheel and rope, and (c) the seesaw.

10.The science team uses a 6 m ramp to raise a crate to a platform 2 m high. Using mechanical advantage = ramp length ÷ height, calculate the ramp’s mechanical advantage.

11.Explain why a longer ramp can make it easier to raise a heavy crate, even though the crate travels farther.

Draw a first-class lever to help lift a load. Label the fulcrum, effort and load, and add arrows to show the directions of the effort and load forces.