Genetics and Variation Refresher

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Date:

Part 1: Key Ideas and Vocabulary

Genes are sections of DNA that contain instructions for particular characteristics.

Inherited traits are characteristics passed from parents to offspring. Examples include natural eye colour and blood group.

Acquired traits develop during a person’s or organism’s life because of experiences or the environment. Examples include a scar, a suntan or a skill such as playing an instrument.

Variation means differences between individuals of the same species. For example, people can vary in height, hair colour and hand span.

Some variation is mainly inherited, some is mainly acquired, and some is influenced by both inheritance and the environment.

1. Match each term to its meaning.

A. Gene

B. Inherited trait

C. Acquired trait

D. Variation

A characteristic that develops during life.

A section of DNA containing instructions.

Differences between individuals of the same species.

A characteristic passed from parents to offspring.

2. Complete the sentence: A gene is a section of __________.

Part 2: Classify and Explain

For Questions 3–7, write inherited, acquired, or showing variation. If an example shows variation, it must compare individuals.

3. A scar formed after an injury: ____________________

4. Different heights among students in a class: ____________________

5. Natural eye colour: ____________________

6. A person learning to ride a bicycle: ____________________

7. Different fur colours among rabbits of the same species: ____________________

8. Explain why height can be influenced by both inherited factors and the environment.

9. Give one example of an inherited trait and one example of an acquired trait.

10. Reflection: Describe one difference you have noticed between organisms, such as plants, animals or people. Explain whether it may be inherited, acquired, or influenced by both. Do not include private information about yourself or your family.