Part 1: Vocabulary and Forces

Match each word with its correct meaning. Write the letter on the line.

1. force _____

2. structure _____

3. mechanism _____

4. friction _____

A. A device with moving parts that helps do a task

B. A push or a pull

C. A building or object made to support a load

D. A force that resists movement between surfaces

5. Which example shows a pull?

Kicking a ball

Opening a drawer toward you

Pushing a shopping cart

Pressing a button

6. Which force helps bicycle brakes slow the wheels?

Gravity

Friction

Magnetism

Buoyancy

Part 2: Structures and Machines

7. Name one simple machine or mechanism. Describe how it makes work easier.

8. A bridge has triangular supports underneath it. Explain how these supports can make the bridge stronger.

9. A student pushes a heavy box across the floor. Identify the force used and one force that resists the motion.

10. Choose all the features that can help a structure support a heavy load.

Strong, sturdy materials

A wide base

Weak joints

Supports or braces

Answer Key

1. B — force: a push or a pull

2. C — structure: a building or object made to support a load

3. A — mechanism: a device with moving parts that helps do a task

4. D — friction: a force that resists movement between surfaces

5. Opening a drawer toward you

6. Friction

7. Answers may include a lever, wheel and axle, pulley, inclined plane, screw, wedge, gears, or another suitable mechanism. It makes work easier by changing the size or direction of a force.

8. Triangular supports spread forces and help prevent the bridge from bending or collapsing. Triangles are strong shapes because they keep their shape.

9. The student uses a push. Friction between the box and the floor resists the motion. Gravity may also act on the box.

10. Strong, sturdy materials; a wide base; supports or braces.