Biophysical Principles in Sports Training

Year 12 Physical Education Achievement Standard 91329 Understanding Training Applications

What is Fitness?

Take 5 minutes to write your definition of fitness How do you currently maintain your fitness? What does being 'fit' mean to different people?

Components of Fitness Overview

Health-related fitness components Skill-related fitness components Each component serves different athletic purposes Training programs target specific components

Health vs Skill-Related Fitness

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Muscular Endurance

Ability of muscles to contract repeatedly over time Helps athletes go further, faster, longer Essential for distance events and sustained activities Measured through repetition-based tests

Muscular Strength and Power

Maximum force muscles can exert Power = strength + speed of movement Critical for explosive movements Helps athletes hit, tackle, throw, and jump

Cardiovascular Endurance

Heart, lungs, and blood vessels working efficiently Oxygen delivery to working muscles Foundation for all endurance activities Measured through VO2 max and similar tests

Flexibility Assessment

Perform a sit-and-reach test Measure shoulder flexibility Assess hip mobility Record your baseline measurements

Training Principles - SPORT FITT

Specificity Principle

Training must be specific to the sport or activity Adaptations are specific to the type of exercise Energy systems trained must match sport demands Movement patterns should replicate competition

Progressive Overload

Gradually increase training demands over time Body adapts to current stress levels Increase frequency, intensity, time, or type Prevents training plateaus

Reversibility and Tedium

Use it or lose it - fitness gains are lost without maintenance Detraining occurs within weeks of stopping exercise Tedium leads to mental and physical plateaus Variety prevents boredom and overuse injuries