🎯 WALT: Identify bonding types and predict molecular shapes

1. Which element would form an ionic bond with chlorine?

Carbon

Magnesium

Nitrogen

Fluorine

2. What is the molecular shape of ammonia (NH₃)?

Tetrahedral

Trigonal pyramidal

Trigonal planar

Linear

3. Which of these molecules is polar?

CO₂

CH₄

H₂O

BF₃

4. The approximate bond angle in methane (CH₄) is:

90°

109.5°

120°

180°

5. Which bonding type allows electrical conductivity in solids?

Ionic bonding

Covalent bonding

Metallic bonding

Hydrogen bonding

✏️ WALT: Draw Lewis structures and apply VSEPR theory

6. Draw the Lewis structure for water (H₂O) and explain why the bond angle is less than 109.5°.

7. Using VSEPR theory, predict the shape and bond angles of sulfur tetrafluoride (SF₄). Is this molecule polar or non-polar? Justify your answer.

8. Calculate the formal charge on each atom in the nitrate ion (NO₃⁻). Show your working.

9. Explain why sodium chloride (NaCl) has a much higher melting point than water (H₂O), referring to bonding types and structure.

🚀 Extension Challenge: Advanced Molecular Analysis

10. Compare the properties of diamond and graphite. Draw simplified diagrams showing their bonding arrangements and explain how structure affects their properties (hardness, conductivity, and uses).

11. Molecular Detective Challenge: A mystery compound has the formula XY₂. It is linear and non-polar. The X-Y bonds are polar. Draw the Lewis structure, identify possible elements for X and Y, and explain how this molecule can be non-polar despite having polar bonds.

Success Criteria Check:

I can identify different types of chemical bonding

I can draw Lewis structures correctly

I can predict molecular shapes using VSEPR theory

I can determine molecular polarity

I can explain how bonding affects properties