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Foundations of Chemistry

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Foundations of Chemistry

You are helping prepare a chemistry field kit for a science team. Use particle ideas, chemical symbols and evidence from reactions to solve each task. Show your reasoning where asked.

Identify the materials

Classify each sample as an element, compound or mixture.

1.A sealed flask contains pure carbon dioxide, CO₂. Which description best classifies it?
  • An element, because it contains carbon
  • A compound, because carbon and oxygen atoms are chemically bonded
  • A mixture, because it contains two types of atom
2.The team finds copper wire, distilled water and air. Classify each as an element, compound or mixture: (a) copper, (b) distilled water, (c) air.

Atomic number

1

6

8

Element

Hydrogen

Carbon

Oxygen

Symbol

H

C

O

3.Use the periodic-table grid. A neutral oxygen atom has atomic number 8. How many protons and electrons does it have?
4.Match each subatomic particle to its charge: proton, neutron and electron. Use positive, neutral or negative once each.
  • Proton
  • Neutron
  • Electron
  • Negative
  • Positive
  • Neutral

Explain the evidence

The team observes a warm-up reaction and needs to decide whether the materials changed physically or chemically.

5.Classify each change as physical or chemical: (a) ice melts in a sample tray, (b) magnesium burns in oxygen and forms a white powder, (c) water boils in a kettle.
6.During the magnesium reaction, a new white substance forms. Explain why this observation supports the conclusion that a chemical change occurred.
7.Complete the formula for water using the symbols in the periodic-table grid: ₂O.
8.Name two safe laboratory practices for handling chemicals, and explain briefly how each reduces risk. Examples include wearing splash goggles, wearing a lab coat, keeping the bench tidy, and reading hazard labels before handling chemicals.

2 printable pages

  • Foundations of Chemistry, page 1 of 2: Identify the materials

    Page 1

  • Foundations of Chemistry, page 2 of 2: Explain the evidence

    Page 2

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