States of Matter Worksheet

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Page 1: Concepts & Short Answers

1. Which of the following correctly lists three common states of matter?

Solid, Liquid, Gas

Solid, Plasma, Light

Liquid, Energy, Gas

2. Check all statements that correctly describe particles in a solid:

Particles vibrate about fixed positions

Particles move freely past each other

Solids have a definite shape

3. Write a short definition (one sentence) for each term:

a) Melting: _________

b) Condensation: _________

4. Match the term to the correct description:

A. Conduction

B. Diffusion

C. Evaporation

D. Freezing

1. Change from liquid to solid

2. Transfer of heat through a material

3. Random spreading of particles from high to low concentration

4. Liquid particles escaping to form a gas at surface

5. A metal rail is 200.00 centimetres long at 10 °C. It expands by 0.06 cm when the temperature rises. What is its new length in centimetres? Show your working.

6. Which materials are good conductors of heat? (Tick all that apply.)

Copper

Glass

Aluminium

Plastic

7. Classify each example as a mixture, compound or solution (write your answer):

a) Salt dissolved in water: _________

b) Table sugar (sucrose): _________

c) Trail mix (nuts and dried fruit): _________

8. Sketch the particle arrangement for a solid, liquid and gas. Label each sketch.

9. At sea level, water boils at 100 °C. While water is boiling at 100 °C, does its temperature increase further? Explain briefly.

10. A chemical reaction takes place in a sealed container. If mass is measured before and after the reaction, what should you expect? Give a short explanation using the particle model.

Page 2: Data, Graphs & Applications

1. The table shows the solubility of a salt (grams per 100 g water) at different temperatures. Plot these points on a scatter graph and draw a best-fit line in the box provided.

Temperature (°C): 0, 10, 20, 30, 40, 60

Solubility (g / 100 g water): 18, 24, 30, 36, 42, 55

2. Using your graph, estimate the solubility at 25 °C (write your answer to the nearest whole gram).

3. Calculate the gradient (rate of change) between 10 °C and 40 °C using the table values. Show working.

4. A student dissolves 45 g of sugar in 150 g of water. Calculate the concentration as grams of sugar per 100 g water. Show working and final answer to one decimal place.

5. Choose the best method to separate each mixture and tick the box:

a) Salt and sand.

Filtration

Dissolve in water then evaporate

Chromatography

b) Alcohol from water (different boiling points)

Distillation

Filtration

Magnetism

6. Explain the difference between a homogeneous and a heterogeneous mixture in one sentence each.

7. A perfume is sprayed at one end of a classroom. After some time people at the other end can smell it. Which process is responsible? Explain briefly.

8. Conduction experiment: A metal rod has one end at 100 °C and the other at 20 °C. Which direction does thermal energy flow? How would increasing the temperature difference affect the rate of heat flow?

9. You have a mixture of iron filings and sulphur. Suggest a method to separate the iron and write a one-sentence reason why it works.

10. Short practical planning: Outline three quick steps you would use to determine experimentally whether a translucent sample is a solution or a fine suspension.