Volcanoes: Earth's Fiery Giants Explored
Discovering the power beneath our feet Year 5 Earth Science
What Do You Think?
Where do volcanoes come from? Why do some mountains 'explode'? Have you ever seen a volcano?
What is a Volcano?
A mountain or hill with a crater or vent Connects to molten rock deep underground Can erupt with lava, ash, and gas Found all around the world
Inside a Volcano: Cross-Section Diagram
Magma vs Lava: What's the Difference?
{"left":"MAGMA: Hot melted rock underground\nMAGMA: Usually 700-1200°C\nMAGMA: Under great pressure","right":"LAVA: Magma that reaches the surface\nLAVA: Flows down the volcano\nLAVA: Cools and hardens into rock"}
Types of Volcanoes
Shield volcanoes - wide and gentle slopes Stratovolcanoes - tall and steep sided Cinder cones - small and cone-shaped Each type erupts differently
Volcanoes in New Zealand
New Zealand sits on the 'Ring of Fire' Auckland has 50+ volcanic cones Rotorua has geothermal activity Mount Ruapehu is our largest active volcano
Volcano Eruption Experiment
Materials: plastic bottle, baking soda, vinegar, red food coloring Steps: Add baking soda to bottle, mix vinegar with food coloring, pour quickly and step back! Watch your volcano 'erupt' with foamy lava!
Why Do Volcanoes Erupt?
Pressure builds up underground Gas bubbles form in the magma Like shaking a soft drink bottle Pressure must be released somehow!
Remember This!
Volcanoes are Earth's way of releasing pressure from deep underground. They create new land and help shape our planet!