🏛️ Part 1: Architectural Terms Matching

1. Match each architectural term with its correct definition by drawing lines between them:

1. Facade

2. Arch

3. Pillar

4. Dome

5. Column

6. Buttress

7. Cornice

8. Keystone

A. A curved structure that spans an opening

B. The front face or elevation of a building

C. A rounded vault forming the roof

D. A vertical support structure, often cylindrical

E. A horizontal decorative moulding along the top of a building

F. The central stone at the top of an arch

G. A structural support built against a wall

H. A vertical structural element, similar to a column

🏗️ Part 2: Multiple Choice Questions

2. Which architectural feature is most commonly found at the entrance of classical buildings?

Flying buttress

Columns

Dome

Cornice

3. What is the main purpose of a buttress in architecture?

Decoration only

To provide structural support

To create windows

To hold the roof

4. Which of these architectural features would you most likely see in a cathedral?

Modern glass walls

Flying buttresses

Solar panels

Garage doors

🏛️ Part 3: Fill in the Blanks

5. Complete the sentences using the architectural vocabulary words from the word bank:

Word Bank: lintel, facade, arch, dome, keystone, column

a) The _____________ of the Parliament Building in Wellington is an impressive example of neoclassical architecture.

b) A _____________ is a horizontal beam that spans the top of a door or window opening.

c) The _____________ is the most important stone in an arch because it holds all the other stones in place.

d) St. Paul's Cathedral in London is famous for its large central _____________.

e) Ancient Greek temples are known for their impressive _____________ that support the roof structure.

f) The Romans were master builders who perfected the use of the _____________ in their architecture.

🏗️ Part 4: Cultural Connections

6. Check all the ways that architecture can reflect culture and values (multiple selection):

Religious beliefs and practices

Available building materials in the region

Climate and weather conditions

Social hierarchy and power structures

Artistic traditions and styles

Technological capabilities of the time

7. Think about buildings you have seen in New Zealand. Describe one architectural feature you have noticed and explain what it might tell us about New Zealand culture or history:

🎨 Part 5: Design Challenge

8. Design your own building facade that includes at least three architectural features from today's lesson. Draw and label your design:

9. Explain your design choices. Why did you include these architectural features? What do they represent about your building's purpose or the culture it serves?