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Interpreting Statistical Information

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Interpreting Statistical Information

Read the information and data displays carefully. Use numerical evidence to support your comparisons and conclusions.

Interpreting a Travel Survey

A fictional 2025 online survey asked 500 New Zealand students aged 15–17 to identify their main way of getting to school. The results below compare the 2025 responses with results from a similar survey in 2023. The display was prepared to inform school transport planning.

Travel method

2023

2025

Bus

28%

32%

Car

32%

27%

Walking

19%

20%

Cycling

12%

13%

Other

1.Who is the most likely audience for this travel survey display, and what decision could it help them make?

2.In 2025, compare bus travel with cycling. Give the difference in percentage points and describe how the two proportions compare.

3.Describe one notable change in travel methods from 2023 to 2025, using the percentages to support your statement.

Comparing Groups and Communicating a Conclusion

A fictional school survey compared usual school-night sleep for students who reported regular exercise and students who did not. The survey was voluntary, and students reported their own sleep hours.

Group

Number surveyed

Mean

Median

Range of sleep hours

Regular exercise

8.0

7.9

6.0–10.0

No regular exercise

7.4

7.3

5.2–9.4

4.Compare the mean sleep durations for the two groups. What does the difference suggest about the groups in this survey?

5.Calculate each group's range width from the sleep-hour intervals. Which group has the wider range, and by how much?

6.Identify two limitations of this survey and explain how each could affect interpretation of the comparison.

7.Write a short response for a school newsletter advising students whether regular exercise appears to be linked with getting more sleep. Refer to the survey context, at least three pieces of numerical evidence, a comparison, one limitation and a justified conclusion.

Before finishing, check that your response names its audience and purpose, gives the survey context, uses accurate evidence, compares the groups, identifies a relationship, discusses a limitation and reaches a conclusion supported by the data.