📊 Part 1: Long Addition and Subtraction

1. Calculate using the vertical-column method. Show all your working:

a) 4,567 + 2,849 = _________

b) 8,234 - 3,678 = _________

2. Solve these problems using long addition or subtraction:

a) 15,672 + 8,459 = _________

b) 12,000 - 7,456 = _________

3. Word Problem: A school fundraiser collected $3,456 on Monday and $2,789 on Tuesday. On Wednesday, they spent $1,234 on supplies. How much money do they have left?

4. Complete this subtraction problem where some digits are missing:

7 _ 4 2

- 2 8 _ 7

_______

4 6 3 5

🎯 Part 2: Estimation and Checking

5. Before calculating, estimate each answer by rounding to the nearest hundred:

a) 3,456 + 2,789 ≈ _______ + _______ = _______

b) 8,234 - 3,567 ≈ _______ - _______ = _______

Now calculate the exact answers and compare with your estimates:

6. Check if these answers are reasonable by using estimation:

4,567 + 3,298 = 7,865

Reasonable

Not reasonable

9,123 - 4,567 = 4,556

Reasonable

Not reasonable

7. Real-life Problem: A car odometer shows 45,678 kilometres at the start of a trip. After driving 2,456 kilometres, estimate and then calculate the new odometer reading.

Estimate: ___________________

Exact calculation: ___________________

🚀 Part 3: Extension - Long Multiplication and Division

8. Use the vertical-column method to solve:

a) 456 × 7 = _________

b) 2,345 ÷ 5 = _________ remainder _____

9. Challenge Problem: A bakery makes 1,248 muffins. They pack them into boxes of 8. How many full boxes can they make and how many muffins will be left over?

10. Explain in your own words: When doing long subtraction, when do you need to "borrow" and what does this mean?