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Overview

This two-week, 60-minute daily programme is designed for Primary 6/7 composite classes (ages 10–12) following the Northern Ireland Key Stage 2 curriculum. It builds deep conceptual understanding and fluency in multiplication and division, extending into related number theory and arithmetic topics such as square numbers, prime numbers, factors, multiples, fractions, and ratio. Each lesson will include engaging activities, formative assessments, and opportunities for problem-solving, supporting the CCEA Mathematics curriculum’s focus on developing confidence and competence with numbers and their relationships.

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Curriculum Links (Northern Ireland Curriculum - Mathematics)

• Number and Number Processes
  Pupils should be able to select appropriate mental or written methods for multiplication and division.
• Number facts and understanding numerical relationships
  Develop fluency with multiplication tables up to 12 x 12 and related division facts.
• Fractions and Ratio
  Use multiplication and division to explore fractions, proportion and ratio.
• Working Mathematically
  Develop reasoning, problem solving and decision making through applied contexts.

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Learning Outcomes

By the end of the two weeks, pupils will be able to:

• Confidently recall and use multiplication tables to 12 × 12 and associated division facts.
• Multiply and divide whole numbers by 10, 100, and 1,000 using place value understanding.
• Identify and work with square numbers, prime numbers, factors, and multiples.
• Understand and apply multiplication and division concepts to fractions and ratio problems.
• Solve multi-step word problems involving multiplication and division in real-world contexts.

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Week 1: Foundation and Number Theory

Lesson 1: Kickstart the Tables (60 mins)

Objective: Recall multiplication tables up to 12×12 and understand related division facts.

Curriculum Reference:

• Number and Number Processes: Recall multiplication tables (CCEA KS2 Number)
• Working Mathematically: Recall from memory and understanding

Activities:

• Warm-up: Speed “Multiplication Grid Race” (pairs race to fill missing answers in 12x12 grid).
• Main activity: “Tables Treasure Hunt” – classify cards with multiplication and division facts; pupils find matching pairs.
• Game: “Multiplication Bingo” using products up to 12×12; winning requires shouting answers correctly.
• Formative assessment: Mini quiz on times tables (instant oral responses), teacher observes fluency.

Resources: 12x12 multiplication tables handouts, card sets for treasure hunt, bingo sheets.

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Lesson 2: Multiply and Divide by 10, 100, 1,000 (60 mins)

Objective: Understand and apply multiplication and division by 10, 100, and 1,000 using place value.

Curriculum Reference:

• Number and Number Processes: Use place value understanding to multiply and divide by powers of 10.

Activities:

• Starter: Digit swap game – pupils predict results by shifting digits left/right on number lines.
• Activity: “Place Value Race” - in small groups, use place value charts and counters to physically move digits.
• ICT integration: Interactive whiteboard moving place markers multiplying/dividing by 10, 100, 1,000.
• Challenge: Create 3-step word problems involving multiplying/dividing by 10/100/1,000. Share and solve in pairs.

Formative assessment: Pupils complete a worksheet with mixed multiplication/division problems; peer self-checking included.

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Lesson 3: Exploring Square Numbers (60 mins)

Objective: Identify and understand the concept of square numbers.

Curriculum Reference:

• Number and Number Processes: Explore square numbers and their properties.

Activities:

• Introduction: Use arrays (dot patterns) to visually demonstrate square numbers from 1x1 to 12x12.
• Hands-on: Pupils create square number patterns using coloured counters or graph paper.
• Creative: “Square Number Story” – group storytelling to invent contextual problems about areas (e.g., tiled floors).
• Extension: Identify square numbers in multiplication tables.

Formative assessment: Quick whiteboard questions – is a number a square number? Explain why.

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Lesson 4: Prime Numbers and Their Friends (60 mins)

Objective: Identify prime numbers up to 100 and understand their properties.

Curriculum Reference:

• Number and Number Processes: Recognise prime numbers and non-primes.

Activities:

• Warm-up: Sieve of Eratosthenes demonstration (interactive board or paper activity).
• Group activity: Prime number hunt around the classroom using cards hidden with numbers 1-100 (marked prime or not).
• Discussion: Why are primes special? Using factor trees to show prime factorisation basics.
• Math journal reflection: Pupils write why prime numbers are important and list all primes to 100.

Formative assessment: Oral quiz: name primes/non-primes; factor trees for given numbers.

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Lesson 5: Factors and Multiples (60 mins)

Objective: Find factors and multiples of given numbers, including common factors/multiples.

Curriculum Reference:

• Number and Number Processes: Understand factors, multiples and common factors.

Activities:

• Starter: Matching factors and numbers using factor cards.
• Exploration: Create “Factor Families” by building factor trees for selected numbers.
• Hands-on: “Multiples Hopscotch” – pupils jump on multiples of 3, 4, 6 called out.
• Challenge: Identify Least Common Multiple (LCM) and Greatest Common Factor (GCF) through problem-solving.

Formative assessment: Worksheet requiring factor listing and multiple identification with partner feedback.

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Week 2: Fractions, Ratios and Problem Solving

Lesson 6: Multiplying and Dividing Fractions (60 mins)

Objective: Use multiplication and division to solve problems involving fractions.

Curriculum Reference:

• Fractions and Ratio: Understand multiplication and division of fractions in real contexts.

Activities:

• Starter: Recap equivalent fractions with visual aids.
• Activity: “Fraction Factory” – simulate multiplying fractions (e.g., shaded part of a shape) and dividing fractions with counters.
• Problem-solving: Word problems involving fraction multiplication/division (e.g., recipes, sharing).
• Group discussion: Strategies to multiply/divide fractions confidently.

Formative assessment: Exit slip: solve one fraction multiplication and division problem independently.

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Lesson 7: Ratio Basics (60 mins)

Objective: Understand and apply the concept of ratio in simple contexts.

Curriculum Reference:

• Fractions and Ratio: Use multiplication and division to solve ratio problems.

Activities:

• Introduction: Use objects (coloured counters, fruit) to demonstrate simple ratios.
• Interactive: “Ratio Mix-up” game – pupils create the correct ratio from given parts.
• Real-life application: Recipe adjustments and sharing problems to apply ratio reasoning.
• Visuals: Drawing bar models and ratio tables to represent problems.

Formative assessment: Quick quiz constructing ratios from given numbers and verbal ratio descriptions.

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Lesson 8: Multi-step Problem Solving (60 mins)

Objective: Solve complex real-world problems involving multiplication, division, fractions, and ratio.

Curriculum Reference:

• Working Mathematically: Apply mathematical concepts to multi-step problems.

Activities:

• Warm-up: Mental maths problems integrating tables with multiplication/division.
• Problem carousel: Small groups rotate between stations with 3–4 multi-step problem sets involving topics covered over two weeks.
• Peer teaching: Groups present their solutions to the class explaining reasoning.
• Teacher feedback: Highlight effective strategies, correct misconceptions.

Formative assessment: Teacher observation and questioning; peer and self-assessment of problem solutions.

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Lesson 9: Creative Application - Project Day (60 mins)

Objective: Consolidate knowledge by creating and presenting maths projects involving multiplication/division concepts.

Activities:

• Project choices: Pupils choose to create a poster, storybook, or a digital presentation on one focus area (e.g., prime numbers, ratio cooking guide).
• Collaborative work: Pupils work in pairs or small groups to research, create visuals, and explain concepts.
• Presentation: Short class presentations with Q&A.

Assessment: Use success criteria aligned with curriculum objectives covering accuracy, creativity, and communication.

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Lesson 10: Review, Reflect and Celebrate (60 mins)

Objective: Review learning, reflect on progress, and celebrate multiplication/division mastery.

Activities:

• Review game: “Maths Jeopardy” with questions from all topics covered.
• Reflection journal: Pupils write about what they found easy, challenging, and how they’ve grown.
• Award certificates for TT mastery, problem-solving effort, creativity.
• Group discussion: How to continue practising and applying multiplication and division at home.

Formative Assessment: Final informal formative quiz to identify mastery and areas for further development.

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Additional Notes for Teachers

• Use visual aids and ICT tools to support diverse learning styles.
• Encourage peer tutoring especially for tricky concepts like prime numbers and ratio.
• Use formative assessment dynamically to tailor pacing and revisit concepts as needed.
• Embed cross-curricular links such as science measurement or geography data handling where possible.
• Maintain an encouraging atmosphere with positivity around making mistakes as part of learning.

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This two-week programme will empower pupils with key multiplication and division skills, unlocking deeper understanding of number relationships and problem-solving through a uniquely engaging and curriculum-aligned approach.