Sea Defence Methods Evaluation
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Sea Defence Methods Evaluation
Evidence: Bracken Bay
Bracken Bay has a busy seafront, a road, 180 homes and a supermarket close to the shore. Winter storms bring high waves. The cliffs east of town are eroding, while the western beach is becoming narrower. The council has £2.4 million to spend. Residents want the road and homes protected; visitors value the beach, and wildlife groups are concerned about habitats. The town must plan for the next 20 years, including sea-level rise.
Method
How it works
Strengths
Limits and likely cost
Sea wall
A hard barrier reflects or resists waves.
Strong protection for valuable buildings and roads.
Very expensive; can reflect energy and increase beach scour. £1.8m for this stretch.
Rock armour
Large boulders absorb and dissipate wave energy.
Quicker and cheaper than a sea wall; can be repaired in stages.
May look unattractive and rocks can be displaced. £0.9m.
Groynes
Barriers across the beach trap sediment moving along the coast.
Can build a wider beach that absorbs wave energy and attracts visitors.
May starve beaches further down-drift of sediment. £0.5m.
Beach nourishment
Adds sand or shingle to widen the beach.
Maintains a natural-looking beach and supports tourism.
Needs repeating after storms; sediment must be sourced. £0.4m initially.
Managed realignment
Allows the shoreline to move inland in a planned area; creates salt-marsh buffer.
Can reduce wave energy and create wildlife habitat over time.
Some land is deliberately flooded; compensation and planning needed. £1.2m.
Evaluate the evidence
Answer in complete sentences where asked. Refer to specific evidence from Bracken Bay and the table.
- Sea wall
- Rock armour
- Groynes
- Managed realignment
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