Australia WWI Comprehension
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Australia WWI Comprehension
Australia and the First World War
When the First World War began in 1914, Australia had been a federation for only thirteen years. The country joined Britain and its allies in the war. Many people volunteered to serve overseas. About 416,000 Australians enlisted in the Australian Imperial Force, out of a population of fewer than five million. More than 60,000 Australians died during the war, and many others returned with injuries or illness. On 25 April 1915, Australian and New Zealand Army Corps (ANZAC) troops landed on the Gallipoli Peninsula, in what is now Türkiye. The campaign lasted for months. The Allies eventually withdrew, having failed to capture their main objectives. Gallipoli became an important part of Australia’s national story, but it was only one of several places where Australians served. Australians also fought on the Western Front in Europe and in the Middle East. The first landing at Gallipoli is remembered each year on Anzac Day, 25 April. People attend dawn services, marches and other commemorations. The day honours those who served and died, and also recognises the experiences of veterans and their families. Remembrance does not mean celebrating war; it can be a time to reflect on its human cost. War affected life far from the battlefields, too. Families waited for letters and news. Many women took on paid work or additional responsibilities at home while men were away. Australians raised money and gathered supplies for troops. The government introduced conscription for overseas service twice, in 1916 and 1917, but voters rejected it in referendums both times. The debate divided communities and families. Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people also wanted to serve. At first, official rules generally excluded men who were not of substantially European origin. The rules changed as the war continued, and hundreds of Indigenous Australians enlisted. They served despite facing discrimination at home and in the armed forces. Their experiences are part of Australia’s history of service and of unequal treatment.
Read closely
Answer using details from the passage.
- About 1%
- About 8%
- About 20%
- About 50%
- Anzac Day
- Conscription referendums
- Gallipoli campaign
- The Allies eventually withdrew without achieving their main objectives
- Remembered each year on 25 April
- Voters rejected overseas conscription in 1916 and 1917
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