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Chemical Changes and Matter

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Chemical Changes and Matter

Read the evidence in each task. Decide whether matter has changed state or whether a new substance has formed. Some clues suggest a chemical change, but one clue alone is not always proof.

1.A solid keeps its own shape. Which particle model best explains this?

Its particles are tightly packed and vibrate in place.
Its particles are far apart and race around.
Its particles flow past each other and spread out to fill any space.

2.Match each description to solid, liquid or gas.

Particles stay close but can slide past one another.
Particles are tightly packed and mainly vibrate in place.
Particles are far apart and move freely in all directions.

Solid
Liquid
Gas

3.Ice cubes melt in a glass on a warm day. Is this a chemical change or a change of state? Explain what happens to the water particles.

4.A rusty nail has formed a reddish-brown coating. Which is the best conclusion?

The iron has changed into a new substance called rust.
The iron has only melted.
The nail has become a gas.

5.At a kitchen demonstration, vinegar and bicarbonate of soda are mixed. Record one observation and explain why it is evidence that a chemical change may have happened.

6.True or false: A colour change, temperature change, new smell or bubbles can be clues to a chemical change, but each clue should be considered with the rest of the evidence.

TrueFalse

7.A puddle slowly disappears on a sunny afternoon. Liquid water changes into water .

8.A puddle slowly disappears on a sunny afternoon. This change from liquid water to water vapour is called .

9.A puddle slowly disappears on a sunny afternoon. This change from liquid water to water vapour is a change of , not a chemical change.

10.A baker heats cake batter. An observation record notes that the batter rises, changes colour and smells different. What do these observations suggest about whether a new substance formed? Explain your answer.

11.A student says, “Whenever bubbles appear, a chemical change has definitely happened.” Do you agree? Use an example to explain your answer.

12.Complete the investigation record: In a safe adult-supervised test, a spoonful of bicarbonate of soda is added to a small cup of vinegar. Write one change you might observe and one reason the result suggests a chemical change.