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Exploring Material Properties

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Exploring Material Properties

A community team is preparing a pop-up shelter for a rainy weekend. Explore how material properties and states of matter affect what materials can do. Use the evidence in each task to make thoughtful choices.

Read the evidence

The shelter team tested three candidate materials. They folded each sample gently, placed a few drops of water on it, checked whether a torch beam passed through, and checked whether an object could be seen clearly through it. The tests were repeated in the same way.

Material

Bends easily?

Water soaks in?

Torch beam passes through?

Can an object be seen clearly through it?

Cotton fabric

Yes

Plastic sheet

Yes

Metal sheet

1.Which material from the results is the strongest candidate for the shelter roof if the main need is to keep rain out while still letting daylight through? Use two test results to justify your choice.

2.The team needs a material for a soft bag to carry pegs. Which sample is most suitable, and which result suggests it may need a waterproof lining?

3.The test showed that an object can be seen clearly through the plastic sheet. Which description best fits this property?

Transparent
Opaque
Absorbent
Rigid

4.Match each property to its meaning.

Flexible
Absorbent
Transparent
Rigid

Allows light to pass through clearly
Can be bent without breaking easily
Does not bend easily
Soaks up liquid

Matter in the campsite

Materials are made of matter. Matter can be solid, liquid or gas. Heating or cooling can change a substance's state, but the material's particles are still there.

5.At the campsite, identify the state of matter for each: an ice cube in the cooler, water in a bottle, and water vapour in the air above a kettle.

6.A puddle outside the shelter gradually disappears on a warm, breezy day. What change of state has happened to some of its water?

Melting: solid to liquid
Evaporation: liquid to gas
Freezing: liquid to solid
Condensation: gas to liquid

7.True or false: When water freezes into ice, it becomes a different substance because its state has changed.

TrueFalse

8.Explain how particles are arranged and move in a solid compared with a gas. Include spacing and movement in your answer.

Draw particles for a solid on the left and a gas on the right. Show their spacing and arrangement. Add arrows to show movement.

Design and investigate

The team wants to compare materials fairly before building. A fair test changes one factor at a time and keeps other conditions the same.

9.Plan a fair test to compare how waterproof two materials are. State what you would change, what you would measure or observe, and one thing you would keep the same.

10.The team folds a plastic sheet into a shallow tray and then unfolds it. Is this a reversible or irreversible change to the material? Explain briefly.

11.A designer wants a clear window in the shelter roof. Choose the best material from the test results and explain one limitation the designer should consider.

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Free in Kuraplan

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For Teachers & Parents

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