❤️ Part 1: Heart Structure

1. Label the parts of the heart by filling in the blanks:

The heart has four chambers. The upper chambers are called _____________ and the lower chambers are called _____________. The _____________ valve prevents blood from flowing backwards.

2. Circle the correct answer for each statement:

The heart is divided into how many chambers?

2 chambers

3 chambers

4 chambers

5 chambers

Which side of the heart pumps blood to the lungs?

Left side

Right side

Both sides equally

Neither side

3. Draw and label a simple diagram of the heart showing the four chambers:

🩸 Part 2: Blood Vessels

4. Match each blood vessel type with its correct description:

1. Arteries

2. Veins

3. Capillaries

A. Tiny vessels where gas exchange occurs

B. Carry blood away from the heart

C. Return blood to the heart

5. Check all the characteristics that apply to arteries:

Have thick, muscular walls

Carry blood away from the heart

Have valves to prevent backflow

Carry blood under high pressure

Are usually blue in colour

6. Complete the analogy by filling in the blanks:

If arteries are like _____________ (fast roads with thick walls), then veins are like _____________ with valves, and capillaries are like _____________ streets that are only one cell thick.

🔄 Part 3: Blood Circulation

7. Put the following steps of blood circulation in the correct order by numbering them 1-6:

_____ Blood travels through pulmonary artery to lungs

_____ Oxygenated blood returns to left atrium via pulmonary vein

_____ Blood enters right atrium from vena cava

_____ Left ventricle pumps blood through aorta to body

_____ Blood moves from right atrium to right ventricle

_____ Blood moves from left atrium to left ventricle

8. Circle the correct answers about blood circulation:

Oxygenated blood is:

Red in colour

Blue in colour

Purple in colour

The pulmonary circulation involves:

Heart to body and back

Heart to lungs and back

Heart to brain and back

9. Create a simple flowchart showing the path of blood through the circulatory system. Use arrows and include these terms: right atrium, right ventricle, lungs, left atrium, left ventricle, body.

🧠 Part 4: Understanding and Application

10. Explain why the heart is described as a "double pump":

11. What happens to your heart rate when you exercise? Explain why this occurs:

12. Fill in the blanks about gas exchange:

In the lungs, blood picks up _____________ and releases _____________. In the body tissues, blood delivers _____________ and picks up _____________ to be removed.

13. Short answer: Why do you think capillaries need to be only one cell thick?

14. Creative challenge: Write a short story from the perspective of a red blood cell travelling through the circulatory system. Include at least 5 scientific terms from this lesson: