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Materials Around Us

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Materials Around Us

Omar, Layla and Hamish are helping on a reef research boat. They need to choose materials for useful equipment. Read the material clues, then use evidence about properties and particle behaviour to solve each task.

Reef boat material file

Solids keep their shape; their particles stay close together and vibrate in place. Liquids flow because their particles stay close but can move past one another. Gases spread out because their particles move freely. A material’s properties—such as strength, flexibility, transparency and waterproofness—help determine what it is used for. When wet, wood stays more rigid, while paper can become soggy and lose its shape.

1.The boat’s clear viewing window lets the crew see the water outside. Which property makes this possible?
  • Transparent
  • Flexible
  • Absorbent
  • Magnetic
2.Layla pours water from a jug into a bottle. Water is a liquid. What do its particles do that lets it flow?
3.Omar pumps air into a small inflatable marker. Which description best matches gas particles?
  • They are fixed in place and only vibrate.
  • They are close together and slide past one another.
  • They are spread out and move freely.
  • They disappear inside the marker.
4.The crew needs a hose that can bend without breaking and carry water. Name one useful property of rubber for this job and explain why it helps.
5.True or false: A solid metal rail keeps its shape because its particles are close together and vibrate in place.
TrueFalse
6.Match each boat material to the property that best explains its use. Materials: glass window, rubber hose, metal rail. Properties: lets light pass through; bends easily; strong and rigid.
  • Glass window
  • Rubber hose
  • Metal rail
  • Bends easily
  • Lets light pass through
  • Strong and rigid
7.The crew must choose a tray for wet samples. Choose wood or paper and give one reason based on how the material behaves when wet.
8.Fill in the blanks: In a solid, particles are close together and in place. In a gas, particles are spread out and move .
9.The crew is choosing between a clear plastic sheet and a wooden board for a viewing panel. Which is the better choice? Explain using a material property.
10.Design a safe sample scoop for collecting seawater. Draw and label your scoop, then explain which material properties it needs and why.
Draw your scoop and label its materials and useful properties.

3 printable pages

  • Materials Around Us, page 1 of 3: Reef boat material file

    Page 1

  • Materials Around Us, page 2 of 3: 6. Match each boat material to the property that best explains its use. Materials: glass…

    Page 2

  • Materials Around Us, page 3 of 3

    Page 3

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