1. Which transformation moves a shape from one position to another without changing its size or orientation?

2. A triangle is reflected across the y-axis. Which properties remain unchanged?

3. When a shape is rotated 90° clockwise about the origin, what happens to the point (3, 2)?

4. A rectangle is scaled by a factor of 2. If the original length was 4 units, what is the new length?

5. A triangle has vertices at A(1, 2), B(3, 2), and C(2, 4). After a translation of 3 units right and 2 units down, what are the new coordinates?

6. Describe the transformation that maps the point (4, -1) to (-4, -1):

7. A square is first translated 2 units up, then reflected across the x-axis. Describe what happens to a point at (3, 1) after both transformations:

8. Draw or describe how you would transform a rectangle to create a pattern similar to kōwhaiwhai designs using reflections and rotations:

9. A composite shape (made of two triangles) needs to be moved from position A to position B on a coordinate grid. The shape at A has vertices at (1,1), (3,1), (2,3), (4,1), (6,1), and (5,3). After transformation, the leftmost vertex is at (-2,4). What type of transformation was likely used?

10. Explain why angles remain invariant (unchanged) under all four types of transformations:

11. Challenge: A shape undergoes three transformations: scaled by factor 0.5, rotated 180°, then translated 4 units left. If these were applied in a different order, would the final result be the same? Explain your reasoning: