1. Which transformation moves a shape from one position to another without changing its size, orientation, or shape?

2. A triangle is rotated 90° clockwise about point (0,0). Which properties remain unchanged?

3. When a shape is enlarged by a scale factor of 2, what happens to its area?

4. Which transformation requires a mirror line to be specified?

5. A rectangle is translated 3 units right and 2 units up. Write this translation as a vector:

6. Describe what information you need to fully describe a rotation transformation:

7. A triangle ABC is reflected across the y-axis. If point A is at coordinates (4, 3), what are the coordinates of A' after the reflection?

8. Explain why angles remain the same during all four types of transformations (translation, reflection, rotation, and enlargement):

9. A square has vertices at (1,1), (3,1), (3,3), and (1,3). It undergoes the following transformations in order:
• First: Rotation 90° anticlockwise about the origin
• Then: Translation by vector (2, -1)

Describe the final position of one vertex and show your working:

10. In Māori kōwhaiwhai patterns, reflection and rotation transformations are commonly used. Sketch a simple design that uses both reflection across a vertical line and 180° rotation. Explain your transformations:

11. Challenge: A shape is enlarged by scale factor 0.5, then translated by vector (4, -2). If the original shape had an area of 12 square units, what is the final area? Explain your reasoning: