📚 Part 1: Multiple Choice

1. According to the Bohr model, electrons orbit the nucleus in:

Fixed energy levels or shells

Random pathways

Straight lines

The nucleus itself

2. Valence electrons are:

Electrons in the innermost shell

Electrons in the outermost shell

Electrons in the nucleus

Electrons that don't participate in bonding

3. Which of the following are characteristics of ionic bonding? (Select all that apply)

Transfer of electrons

Formation of ions

Sharing of electrons

Usually occurs between metals and non-metals

✏️ Part 2: Short Answer Questions

4. Write the electron configuration for chlorine (Cl, atomic number 17):

5. How many valence electrons does oxygen have? Explain how you determined this.

6. Explain the difference between covalent and ionic bonding in terms of electron behaviour:

7. Complete the following sentences:

a) In the Bohr model, the maximum number of electrons in the first shell is _____.

b) The maximum number of electrons in the second shell is _____.

c) When sodium (Na) forms an ionic bond, it _______ an electron to become Na⁺.

🎨 Part 3: Diagrams and Analysis

8. Draw a Bohr model diagram for a fluorine atom (F, atomic number 9) in the space below. Label the nucleus, electron shells, and indicate the number of electrons in each shell.

9. Predict the type of bond (ionic or covalent) that would form between the following pairs of elements. Justify your answer:

a) Calcium (Ca) and Chlorine (Cl): ________________

b) Carbon (C) and Hydrogen (H): ________________

Atomic Structure and Bonding

Atomic Structure and Bonding

📚 Part 1: Multiple Choice

✏️ Part 2: Short Answer Questions

🎨 Part 3: Diagrams and Analysis

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