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Black History Evidence Analysis

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Black History Evidence Analysis

Historical documents and books

📚 Part 1: Biography Analysis

Read the following biography and answer the questions below:

Ruby Bridges (1954-present)

Ruby Bridges was born in Mississippi on September 8, 1954. Her favorite color was pink, and she enjoyed playing with dolls. In 1960, at age six, Ruby became the first African American child to integrate an all-white elementary school in the South when she enrolled at William Frantz Elementary School in New Orleans, Louisiana. Federal marshals had to escort her to school each day because of angry protesters. Ruby was very small for her age and weighed only 45 pounds. During her first year, she was the only student in her class because white parents pulled their children out of school. Her teacher, Barbara Henry, was from Boston and had never taught in the South before. Ruby's courage helped pave the way for school integration across the nation. She later established the Ruby Bridges Foundation to promote tolerance and unity. Ruby's mother made her lunch every morning before school.

1. Which pieces of evidence are RELEVANT to understanding Ruby's historical impact? Check all that apply:

She was the first African American child to integrate an all-white elementary school in the South

Her favorite color was pink

Federal marshals had to escort her to school because of protesters

She weighed only 45 pounds

Her courage helped pave the way for school integration

Her mother made her lunch every morning

2. Why is the detail about Ruby's weight IRRELEVANT to her historical significance?
3. Cite one piece of textual evidence that supports Ruby's lasting impact on civil rights:

📖 Part 2: Second Biography Analysis

Thurgood Marshall (1908-1993)

Thurgood Marshall was born in Baltimore, Maryland, and was named after his grandfather. He attended Lincoln University in Pennsylvania, where he met his first wife, Vivian. Marshall became a lawyer and worked for the NAACP (National Association for the Advancement of Colored People) for over 20 years. He was 6 feet 2 inches tall and had a deep voice. Marshall argued 32 cases before the Supreme Court and won 29 of them, including the landmark Brown v. Board of Education case in 1954, which declared school segregation unconstitutional. He enjoyed playing poker with friends in his spare time. In 1967, President Lyndon Johnson appointed Marshall as the first African American Supreme Court Justice, where he served for 24 years. Marshall's legal work dismantled many Jim Crow laws and advanced civil rights for all Americans. His favorite meal was fried chicken and mashed potatoes.

4. Sort the following details as RELEVANT or IRRELEVANT to Marshall's contributions to civil rights:

RELEVANT Evidence:

IRRELEVANT Evidence:

5. What was Marshall's most significant legal victory mentioned in the text?

Answer: _________________________________________________

6. How do you know this victory was important? Cite evidence from the text:

✏️ Part 3: Evidence-Based Writing

7. Choose either Ruby Bridges or Thurgood Marshall. Write a paragraph explaining their impact on American history. Use at least TWO pieces of relevant textual evidence to support your response. Be sure to explain why your evidence is important.
8. Reflection: Why is it important to focus on relevant evidence when studying historical figures? Write 2-3 sentences.

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