Formulaic Language

Overview

Grade Level: 12th Grade
Subject: English Language Arts
Duration: 45 minutes
Curriculum Area: Language Craft and Structure
US Education Standards: CCSS.ELA-LITERACY.L.11-12.6 - Acquire and use accurately general academic and domain-specific words and phrases, sufficient for reading, writing, speaking, and listening at the college and career readiness level.

Objectives

1. Understand the Concept: Students will learn what formulaic language is and its purpose.
2. Identify Examples: Students will identify various examples of formulaic language.
3. Application: Students will practice using formulaic language in speaking and writing.
4. Enhance Fluency: Students will understand how formulaic language can improve communication fluency.

Materials

• Whiteboard and markers
• Handouts with examples of formulaic language
• Index cards with different scenarios/phrases
• Chart paper
• Markers

Introduction (5 Minutes)

1. Warm-Up Activity

Begin with a brief, friendly conversation to ease students into the topic. Ask, "How many of you have used the phrase 'Can I help you?' today?" or similar common phrases.

2. Topic Introduction

Introduce the concept of formulaic language. Write the term on the whiteboard. Explain that formulaic language consists of fixed expressions, which are often used in conversations and writing to aid fluency.

Instructional Input (10 Minutes)

1. Definition and Explanation

Provide a clear and concise definition of formulaic language. Explain its importance in both everyday and academic communication. Use simple language and visual aids.

Example: Formulaic language includes expressions like "How's it going?", "Once upon a time", "In conclusion", etc. These set phrases save time and make communication smoother.

2. Real-World Connection

Connect the concept to real-world examples. Ask students to think of scenarios where formulaic expressions are often used, such as in customer service, storytelling, academic writing, etc.

3. Handout Distribution

Distribute handouts that list various examples of formulaic language.

Guided Practice (10 Minutes)

1. Group Activity

Split the students into 4 groups of 3. Assign each group a category of formulaic language (e.g., greetings, academic phrases, storytelling openers, transactional language) and give them chart paper and markers.

2. Categorizing Expressions

Ask each group to brainstorm and write down as many examples in their assigned category as possible within 5 minutes. Circulate and provide help if needed.

3. Presentation

Each group presents their examples to the class. Encourage students to ask questions or add more examples.

Independent Practice (15 Minutes)

1. Index Card Activity

Distribute index cards with different scenarios or required phrases (e.g., "Express understanding in an academic setting" or "Start a story"). Each student receives one card.

2. Individual Writing Task

Students must write a small paragraph or dialogue incorporating the formulaic phrase or expression from their index card. This should take about 10 minutes.

3. Pair Sharing

Students pair up and share their written dialogue/paragraphs with each other. Encourage feedback on usage of formulaic language.

Conclusion (5 Minutes)

1. Class Discussion

Have a brief discussion where students share what they have learned about formulaic language and how it can aid communication and fluency.

2. Quick Review

Review the key points discussed in the lesson. Ensure students understand how to identify and use formulaic language effectively.

Assessment

Formative

1. Group presentations and participation in brainstorming.
2. Individual index card writing task.

Summative

1. A short quiz on identifying and using formulaic language in the following class.

Extensions

1. Homework

Students find examples of formulaic language from various sources like books, conversations, movies, etc., and bring them to class.

2. Extra Credit

Students write an essay or a creative short story utilizing at least 10 different examples of formulaic language expressions.

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By following this detailed lesson plan, the teacher can effectively introduce students to the concept of formulaic language, enhancing their fluency and communication skills in a structured and engaging manner.