Architectural Drawing

Overview

Grade Level: 11th Grade (4th Form)
Class Duration: 70 minutes
Class Size: 43 students
Curriculum Area: Career and Technical Education (CTE) - Architectural Drawing and Design, Level 2

Objectives

By the end of this lesson, students should be able to:

1. Understand and distinguish between different types of architectural plans, including floor plans, roof plans, site plans, foundation plans, elevation plans, and sectional views.
2. Identify the purpose and key components of each type of plan.
3. Create basic sketches of each type of plan.

Materials Needed

• Whiteboard and markers
• Projector and computer for showing slides
• Printed handouts of example plans
• Graph paper and drawing tools (rulers, pencils, erasers)
• Pre-drawn basic floor plan printed for each student

Lesson Structure

Introduction (10 minutes)

Action: Welcome students and briefly review the course material covered so far.

Discussion Points:

1. Explain what they will learn today.
2. Connect the lesson to real-world applications and potential careers in architecture and engineering.
3. Emphasize the importance of understanding different types of architectural plans.

Direct Instruction (20 minutes)

Action: Provide a detailed explanation of the six types of plans.

Floor Plan (3 minutes)

• Discuss the purpose of a floor plan: a scaled diagram of a room or building viewed from above.
• Key components: walls, doors, windows, stairs, and furniture placement.
• Show example slides.

Roof Plan (3 minutes)

• Explain that a roof plan shows the shape of the roof, including all items positioned on the roof.
• Key components: roof slopes, ridges, valleys, and drainage.
• Show example slides.

Site Plan (3 minutes)

• A site plan shows the buildings on the site, surrounding context, and any other relevant features.
• Key components: property boundaries, locations of structures, driveways, and landscape elements.
• Show example slides.

Foundation Plan (3 minutes)

• A foundation plan lays out the structure's base.
• Key components: footing, slab, foundation walls, and rebar placement.
• Show example slides.

Elevation Plans (3 minutes)

• Elevation plans are a side view of a building, showing exterior elements.
• Key components: height of walls, location of windows and doors, exterior finishes.
• Show example slides.

Sectional Views (3 minutes)

• Sectional views show a cut-through of a building or room revealing the structure and materials.
• Key components: cross-sectional details of walls, floors, and roofs.
• Show example slides.

Action: Hand out printed examples of each type of plan for students to reference.

Activity (30 minutes)

Action: Engage students in a drawing activity where they create basic sketches of each plan type.

Steps:

1. Group Work (10 minutes) - Divide students into small groups and assign each group a specific plan type (floor, roof, site, foundation, elevation, sectional).
   • Each group uses their handouts to collaborate and sketch their assigned plan type.
2. Individual Drawing (10 minutes) - Have students individually pick any plan type and draw a basic sketch on graph paper.
   • Circulate the room to provide guidance and answer questions.
3. Peer Review (10 minutes) - Students pair up to review each other's sketches, giving constructive feedback.

Conclusion (10 minutes)

Action: Regroup and facilitate a class discussion.

Discussion Points:

1. Ask each group to present their plan type and discuss challenges they faced while drawing.
2. Recap the importance and application of each plan.
3. Introduce the upcoming lesson, which will dive deeper into one of these plan types.

Assessment

• Formative Assessment: Monitor group work and individual sketches to ensure students understand the concepts.
• Summative Assessment: Collect and review the individual sketches to assess comprehension and give personalized feedback.

Extension

• Homework Assignment: Have students research a famous building and identify or sketch all six plan types for that building. They should be prepared to present their findings in the next class.
• Guest Speaker Idea: Invite a local architect to discuss real-world applications and answer student questions.

Reflection

• After the lesson, reflect on which areas students struggled with and adjust future lessons accordingly.
• Consider periodically revisiting these architectural plans to reinforce learning throughout the course.