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Changing Economic World Worksheet

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Changing Economic World Worksheet

Use the information on this worksheet to investigate development, economic change and inequality. Show calculations and support longer answers with evidence.

Measuring development

Development is a process of improving people’s quality of life. Countries and regions can develop unevenly: wealth, services and opportunities are not distributed equally.

1.Which measure combines income, education and life expectancy to compare development?

Gross National Income (GNI) per person
Human Development Index (HDI)
Birth rate
Population density

2.A country’s GNI per person rises from US$2,000 to US$2,500. Calculate the percentage increase. Show your working.

3.Give two reasons why development may be uneven within a country or between countries. Explain how one reason can affect people’s opportunities.

Nigeria: growth and its impacts

Nigeria is a newly emerging economy (NEE) and Africa’s most populous country. Oil exports bring major income, but dependence on oil makes the economy vulnerable to changing global prices. Oil production is concentrated in the Niger Delta. Oil spills can damage farmland, waterways and fishing; meanwhile, investment and jobs have not benefited all communities equally.

4.Complete the statement using the case-study information: Nigeria is a economy, and oil exports make it vulnerable to changes in prices.

5.Explain one way a transnational corporation (TNC) could contribute to Nigeria’s economic development, and identify one possible drawback.

6.Choose the two impacts most directly linked to an oil spill in the Niger Delta.

Polluted water can harm fishing and drinking-water supplies
Damaged farmland can affect local livelihoods
More reliable rainfall across the region
An immediate end to income inequality

7.“Economic development in Nigeria has brought more benefits than problems.” Give one argument for and one against this statement, then reach a supported judgement.

Changing economies: the UK

As economies develop, the balance of work often changes. Primary industries extract raw materials; secondary industries manufacture goods; tertiary industries provide services; and quaternary industries involve information and research. In the UK, mechanisation and global competition contributed to the decline of some manufacturing and mining industries, while services grew. The effects differed between places: some former industrial areas faced job losses, while areas with growing services attracted investment and employment.

8.Match each example to its economic sector: coal mining; car manufacturing; banking; scientific research.

Coal mining
Car manufacturing
Banking
Scientific research

Secondary
Primary
Tertiary
Quaternary

9.Explain two possible effects of de-industrialisation on a former industrial area in the UK. Include one effect on people and one on the local economy or place.

10.A government invests in rail links, skills training and business grants in a region with fewer job opportunities. Explain how two of these strategies might help reduce regional inequality, and give one reason the gap might remain.

11.Overall, are the benefits of economic change shared evenly between places and people? Use one example from Nigeria and one from the UK to support your conclusion.