📚 Learning Goals & Reading

I can... explain how the Ottoman Empire's control of trade routes led to European exploration.

Success Criteria: I can describe the Ottoman Empire's political structure, economic power, and impact on global trade during the Age of Exploration.

Reading Passage: The Ottoman Empire's Global Impact (1453-1600)

The Ottoman Empire became one of the world's most powerful empires during the Age of Exploration. Their political structure was led by a Sultan who controlled vast territories across Europe, Asia, and Africa. The empire's military used advanced technology like cannons to conquer important cities.

In 1453, the Ottomans captured Constantinople (modern-day Istanbul, Turkey), giving them control over the Bosporus Strait. This strategic location allowed them to control trade routes between Europe and Asia. Merchants carrying valuable goods like spices, silk, and precious stones had to pass through Ottoman territory.

The Ottomans became extremely wealthy by charging taxes and tariffs on goods passing through their lands. They also required European merchants to use Ottoman middlemen, making Asian goods much more expensive in European markets. This economic power made the Ottoman Empire a major force in global trade.

As a result, European nations like Spain and Portugal began searching for new sea routes to Asia to avoid Ottoman-controlled land routes. This search for alternative trade paths became a major driving force behind European exploration of the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans.

🗺️ Map Activity & Multiple Choice

✏️ Short Answer Analysis

Sentence starter: The Ottoman Empire affected trade between Europe and Asia by _______________

Sentence starter: Europeans began exploring ocean routes because the Ottomans _______________

For advanced learners: Consider both positive and negative impacts on global trade networks.

Differentiation Support:

• Use the reading passage to find your answers

• Key terms: Sultan, Constantinople, trade routes, tariffs, exploration

• Extension: Research one specific example of how Ottoman policies led to a European exploration voyage