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Paragraphing with Adverbial Starters
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Paragraphing with Adverbial Starters
Anahera is writing a report about a busy day at a fruit orchard. Help her organise ideas into a clear paragraph. An adverbial starter tells the reader when, where, how or how often something happens. Put a comma after an opening adverbial phrase or clause, for example: “Before sunrise, the pickers arrived.”
Spot and choose
Read each question carefully. Look for starters that add information about when, where or how an action happens.
1.Which three options are adverbial starters that could begin a sentence about orchard work? Select all that apply.
- At dawn,
- The apples
- Carefully,
- Beside the packing shed,
- A wooden crate
2.Choose the sentence that uses an adverbial starter correctly, including punctuation.
- The workers, before sunrise loaded the crates.
- Before sunrise, the workers loaded the crates.
- Before sunrise the, workers loaded the crates.
3.Which sentence best works as a topic sentence for a paragraph about the start of harvest day?
- The orchard was already busy when the harvest began.
- Anahera wore gumboots.
- Apples can be red, green or yellow.
4.Add an adverbial starter and comma to make this sentence more precise: “__________, Sione carried the full crate to the shed.” Include a starter that tells how he carried it.
Build a well-shaped paragraph
A paragraph usually begins with a topic sentence, develops its main idea with supporting details, and ends with a concluding sentence. Adverbial starters can help link events and vary sentence openings.
5.Put these sentences in an order that makes a clear paragraph. Write the letters in order. A. Finally, the filled crates were stacked beside the shed. B. Harvest morning was busy at the orchard. C. Soon, Anahera and Sione began picking ripe apples. D. Before sunrise, the team checked their baskets and tools.
6.Choose the best adverbial starter to show that this event happened next: “__________, Freya sorted the apples by size.”
- Meanwhile,
- Next,
- Under the apples,
7.Rewrite this sentence with an adverbial starter that tells where the apples were placed. Add the comma: “The apples waited in wooden crates.”
8.Anahera has written: “After the rain stopped the pickers returned to the rows.” Add the comma where it belongs, then name the information given by the starter: when, where or how?
9.Write a topic sentence for a paragraph about how the orchard team worked together during harvest. Make the main idea clear.
10.Write two supporting detail sentences for your topic sentence. Begin each with a different adverbial starter and use a comma after each starter.
11.Write a concluding sentence that wraps up the idea that the team worked together. Avoid introducing a completely new topic.
12.Write one complete paragraph of 5–6 sentences about the orchard team bringing in the harvest. Include a topic sentence, at least three supporting details, at least two different adverbial starters with commas, and a concluding sentence.
13.Choose one sentence from your paragraph and rewrite it with a different adverbial starter. Make sure the new starter still makes sense and has a comma after it.
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