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Earth's Dynamic Structure
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Earth's Dynamic Structure
🌍 Part 1: Earth's Layers
1. Which layer of the Earth is the thinnest?
Crust
Mantle
Outer core
Inner core
2. The inner core remains solid despite extreme heat because of:
Low temperature
Extreme pressure
Chemical composition
Magnetic fields
3. Which layers of the Earth are made primarily of iron and nickel? (Select all that apply)
Crust
Mantle
Outer core
Inner core
4. Fill in the blanks:
The _____________ is a semi-solid layer that can "flow" over time, while the _____________ creates Earth's magnetic field.
5. Draw and label a simple diagram of Earth's layers in the box below:
🗺️ Part 2: Continental Drift Theory
6. Who proposed the continental drift theory in 1912?
Charles Darwin
Alfred Wegener
Isaac Newton
Marie Curie
7. What was the name of the supercontinent that Wegener proposed?
Answer: _________________
8. Which pieces of evidence did Wegener use to support his continental drift theory? (Select all that apply)
Jigsaw puzzle fit of continents
Matching fossils across oceans
Similar rock formations on different continents
Coal deposits in Antarctica
Ocean currents
9. Explain why finding Mesosaurus fossils in both South America and Africa supports continental drift theory:
10. Australia moves approximately _____ centimetres north each year due to plate tectonics.
2.5 cm
4.9 cm
7.2 cm
10.1 cm
🤔 Part 3: Making Connections
11. How do Earth's layers relate to continental drift? Explain the connection between the mantle and moving continents:
12. Why does Australia experience relatively few earthquakes and volcanic eruptions compared to countries like Japan or Indonesia?
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