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Roman Religion and Christianity

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Roman Religion and Christianity

Roman temple and cross illustration

🏛️ Part 1: Roman Religion and Temples

1. Match the vocabulary words to their meanings:
Temple
Polytheism
Sacrifice
Emperor worship
Belief in many gods
Religious building for worship
Treating the ruler as a god
Offering to the gods
2. Which of these were important Roman gods? (Tick all that apply)

Jupiter (king of the gods)

Mars (god of war)

Buddha

Venus (goddess of love)

Allah

3. True or False: Roman temples were only built in Rome.

True

False

4. Why were Roman temples important to society? Give two reasons.

✝️ Part 2: The Rise of Christianity

5. Christianity began in which Roman province?

Gaul

Judaea

Egypt

Britain

6. Fill in the blanks:

Christians believed in _______ god, whilst Romans believed in _______ gods. This made Christianity very different from traditional Roman religion.

7. Which Roman Emperor made Christianity legal in 313 CE?

Julius Caesar

Augustus

Constantine

Nero

8. Why were early Christians sometimes persecuted by Romans? Give one reason.

🤔 Part 3: Critical Thinking

9. How did the rise of Christianity change Roman society? Explain your answer with examples.
10. Compare Roman temples and early Christian churches. What was similar and what was different?

📝 Answer Key

1. Matching: Temple-Religious building for worship; Polytheism-Belief in many gods; Sacrifice-Offering to the gods; Emperor worship-Treating the ruler as a god

2. Jupiter, Mars, Venus (Roman gods)

3. False (temples were built throughout the Roman Empire)

4. Sample answers: Centres of community life, showed devotion to gods, demonstrated Roman power/culture, places for festivals and ceremonies

5. Judaea

6. one, many

7. Constantine

8. Sample answers: Refused to worship Roman gods, wouldn't participate in emperor worship, seen as threat to traditional values

9. Sample answers: Traditional Roman religion declined, Christian values influenced laws, churches replaced some temples, changed art and architecture

10. Similarities: Places of worship, community gathering; Differences: One god vs many gods, different rituals, Christian focus on afterlife vs Roman focus on earthly success

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