🌋 Part 1: Understanding Volcanoes

1. What causes volcanoes to form?

Movement of tectonic plates

Strong winds

Ocean currents

Heavy rainfall

2. Match each volcano type to its description by drawing lines:

Shield volcano

Composite volcano

Cinder cone volcano

Small and steep sided

Wide and not very steep

Tall and steep sided

3. Which of these are effects of volcanic eruptions? (Tick all that apply)

Lava flows that destroy buildings

Ash clouds that block sunlight

Increased rainfall everywhere

Air pollution from gases

New land formation

4. Fill in the blanks about the eruption process:

Hot molten rock called __________ builds up underground. As pressure increases, it forces its way to the surface through cracks in the Earth's crust. When it reaches the surface, it is called __________ and flows down the sides of the volcano.

🗺️ Part 2: Geography and Measurement

5. Why does Australia have fewer active volcanoes than countries like Japan or Indonesia?

6. You conducted a volcano model experiment using baking soda and vinegar. Record your observations:

Amount of vinegar used: __________ millilitres

Duration of eruption: __________ seconds

Height of eruption: __________ centimetres

7. Based on your experiment, what happened when you used more vinegar?

The eruption lasted longer and was bigger

The eruption was smaller

Nothing changed

The eruption stopped completely

✏️ Part 3: Creative Response

8. Write a short story (4-5 sentences) describing what you might see, hear, and feel if you were safely watching a volcano erupt from a distance. Use scientific vocabulary from today's lesson.

9. Draw and label a simple diagram of a volcano showing: magma chamber, vent, crater, lava flow, and ash cloud.