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Balanced and Unbalanced Forces

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Balanced and Unbalanced Forces

Explore how balanced and unbalanced forces affect an object's motion. Choose the best answer, explain your thinking, and draw a labelled force diagram.

Understanding forces

Balanced forces are equal in size and opposite in direction. They do not change an object's motion: it stays still or continues at the same speed in the same direction. Unbalanced forces cause a change in motion, such as speeding up, slowing down or turning.

1.A toy car is rolling in a straight line at a steady speed. What does this tell you about the forces acting on it?
  • The forces are balanced, so its motion is not changing.
  • The forces are unbalanced, so it must be speeding up.
  • There are no forces acting on the car.
  • The forces are balanced, so the car must be stationary.
2.Select every situation in which the object's motion is changing because of an unbalanced force.
  • A scooter speeds up as a rider pushes off.
  • A mug rests on a kitchen bench.
  • A tennis ball changes direction after being hit.
  • A train travels in a straight line at steady speed.
3.Two students pull a rope in opposite directions. Maia pulls with 320 N to the left and Hugo pulls with 320 N to the right. Are the forces balanced or unbalanced? Explain what happens to the rope's motion if it starts at rest.
4.A child sits still on a chair. Name the two main vertical forces acting on the child and explain why the child does not move down through the chair.
5.A skydiver has just jumped from a plane. Describe how the forces on the skydiver change as they fall, up to the point where they reach terminal velocity.
6.A launch vehicle produces an upward thrust of 1,650,000 N. Its weight acts downwards with a force of 1,420,000 N. Calculate the net force, state its direction, and explain what this tells you about the vehicle's motion. Show your working.
7.Draw and label a force diagram for a car travelling at constant speed along a level road. Include gravity, the road's support force, the driving force and air resistance. Make the arrows show which forces balance.
8.A full supermarket trolley is harder to speed up than an empty trolley when pushed with the same force. Explain why, using the ideas of mass and acceleration.

2 printable pages

  • Balanced and Unbalanced Forces, page 1 of 2: Understanding forces

    Page 1

  • Balanced and Unbalanced Forces, page 2 of 2: 5. A skydiver has just jumped from a plane. Describe how the forces on the skydiver…

    Page 2

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