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Chemistry and Te Ao Māori

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Chemistry and Te Ao Māori

Read the short case study, then use it to answer the questions. Māori knowledge is diverse and connected to particular people, places and practices. The case study uses general examples: it does not speak for every iwi or hapū. In your answers, distinguish chemical explanations from Māori concepts rather than treating them as interchangeable.

A spring, a stream and a question

A community is discussing how to care for a geothermal area and the stream that flows from it. People have noticed warm water, mineral deposits on rocks and changes in the stream after heavy rain. They want to understand the chemistry and consider their responsibilities to the place. In chemistry, an element is a substance made of one kind of atom. Compounds contain atoms of different elements joined together. Water is the compound H₂O; dissolved table salt is mainly sodium chloride, NaCl. A mixture contains substances together without all of them being chemically joined. Seawater, for example, is a mixture of water and dissolved substances. Māori concepts such as mauri and kaitiakitanga have meanings grounded in Māori knowledge and relationships with the environment. They are not chemical measurements or alternative names for atoms. Chemistry can help investigate substances and changes; mātauranga Māori can offer knowledge, values and ways of understanding relationships with places. Different communities may hold different knowledge and priorities.

Sample

Temperature

Dissolved salt reading (arbitrary units)

Spring outlet

38 °C

6

Stream, upstream

16 °C

2

Stream, downstream

20 °C

4

Investigate and explain

Answer each question using the case study and your chemistry knowledge.

1.Which statement correctly describes an element?
  • A substance consisting of atoms of the same chemical element
  • Any substance that dissolves in water
  • A mixture of two or more compounds
  • A substance that is always a liquid
2.Water is H₂O. Name the two elements present in one water molecule.
3.The case study says seawater contains water and dissolved substances. Is seawater an element, a compound or a mixture? Give one reason.
4.Use the sample record. Which sample had the highest temperature, and what was that temperature?
5.Compare the upstream and downstream stream readings. By how many arbitrary units did the dissolved salt reading increase downstream?
6.True or false: the fictional sample record proves that the spring caused the downstream change.
TrueFalse
7.Match each term to the best description.
  • Element
  • Compound
  • Mixture
  • Substance containing different elements chemically joined
  • Substance made of one kind of atom
  • Substances together that are not all chemically joined
8.A classmate says, “Mauri is just another word for the chemical composition of water.” Explain why this statement confuses different kinds of understanding.
9.Suggest one useful follow-up measurement for the stream investigation and explain how it could help the community make a more reliable decision.

3 printable pages

  • Chemistry and Te Ao Māori, page 1 of 3: A spring, a stream and a question

    Page 1

  • Chemistry and Te Ao Māori, page 2 of 3: Investigate and explain

    Page 2

  • Chemistry and Te Ao Māori, page 3 of 3: 7. Match each term to the best description.

    Page 3

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