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First Aid Fundamentals

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First Aid Fundamentals

Work through the scenarios using safe, practical first-aid thinking. In an emergency, follow the instructions of the 111 call taker and any trained first aider. Do not put yourself at risk.

Scenario 1: A safe start

At a community sports field, Maia sees a cyclist fall near the entrance. The cyclist is awake and has a cut on one arm. A bicycle is lying close to the road.

1.What should Maia check before going closer, and why?
2.Choose the best first response after Maia confirms the area is safe.
  • Ask the cyclist what happened and whether they can respond, then get appropriate help.
  • Move the cyclist immediately so the entrance is clear.
  • Give the cyclist food and water before checking anything else.
  • Leave to find out who caused the fall.
3.Maia is asked to call for an ambulance. What number should she call in New Zealand, and what key information should she communicate?

Scenario 2: Helping while waiting

The cyclist is conscious, speaking, and bleeding from the arm. Maia has called 111 and the call taker is still on the line.

4.Select the safest actions Maia can take while waiting for help. Choose all that apply.
  • Follow the call taker’s instructions.
  • Reassure the cyclist and keep checking how they are doing.
  • Use gloves or another barrier if available before helping with blood.
  • Press a clean dressing firmly on the bleeding wound if it is safe and appropriate.
  • Give the cyclist medication from Maia’s bag without asking.
  • Move the cyclist even though there is no immediate danger.
5.True or false: Maia should move the cyclist whenever an injured person needs help. Explain your answer.
6.Put these actions in a sensible order by numbering them 1–4: call 111 and follow instructions; check the scene for danger; check whether the person responds; stay with them and monitor their condition.

Scenario 3: Choosing the right help

For each event, decide whether it is primarily a medical emergency, an injury emergency, or an environmental emergency. Some situations may involve more than one category; choose the best fit from the information given.

7.Match each situation to its best-fit category.
  • A person has difficulty breathing after a severe allergic reaction.
  • A person has a suspected broken wrist after a fall.
  • A person becomes confused and very hot during a summer hike.
  • Injury emergency
  • Medical emergency
  • Environmental emergency
8.In the summer-hike situation, what should a bystander do first to protect themselves and get suitable help?

Make a response plan

Use the principles of first aid—keep yourself safe, assess the situation, and get help—to explain your choices.

9.A friend suddenly collapses at a busy public event. Write a brief response plan covering scene safety, getting help, and what you would do while waiting. Include when you would call 111.
10.Name one practical way to manage your own stress during an emergency, and explain how it could help you act safely.

3 printable pages

  • First Aid Fundamentals, page 1 of 3: Scenario 1: A safe start

    Page 1

  • First Aid Fundamentals, page 2 of 3: Scenario 2: Helping while waiting

    Page 2

  • First Aid Fundamentals, page 3 of 3: Scenario 3: Choosing the right help, Make a response plan

    Page 3

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