🔥 Part 1: Multiple Choice Questions

1. What is the primary method of heat transfer in a hangi?

Radiation from the fire

Conduction from heated rocks

Convection from hot air

All of the above

2. Which type of rock is traditionally used in hangi cooking?

Limestone

Volcanic rock (basalt)

Sandstone

Granite

3. What temperature range do hangi rocks typically reach?

100-200°C

300-500°C

600-800°C

900-1000°C

4. Which materials are traditionally used to cover the hangi? (Select all that apply)

Wet sacks or cloth

Aluminium foil

Earth and soil

Flax mats

📝 Part 2: Short Answer Questions

5. Explain why volcanic rocks are preferred over other types of rocks for hangi cooking. Include at least two scientific reasons.

6. Describe the chemical changes that occur when meat is cooked in a hangi. What happens to the proteins?

7. The hangi is covered with wet sacks and then soil. Explain the scientific purpose of each layer:

Wet sacks: _________________________________________________

Soil layer: _________________________________________________

8. Compare the cooking process in a hangi to cooking in a conventional oven. Discuss differences in heat transfer, moisture, and cooking time.

🧪 Part 3: Applied Science

9. A hangi takes approximately 3-4 hours to cook food completely. Using your knowledge of heat transfer, suggest two modifications that could reduce cooking time and explain the science behind each suggestion.

10. Design a simple experiment to test which type of covering material (wet cloth, dry cloth, or plastic) would best retain heat in a model hangi. Describe your method and what you would measure.