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Report Writing Basics

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Report Writing Basics

Read the draft report below. Then investigate its structure and features, edit it for accuracy and clarity, and plan a stronger report. Use evidence from the draft in your answers.

A draft for the community noticeboard

Read this complete draft before answering Questions 1–5. # Composting at Home ## Introduction Composting is a way to turn some kinds of food and garden waste into useful material for soil. This report explains what can go into a compost bin, how the process works, and why composting can be helpful. ## What goes in? Fruit and vegetable scraps, dry leaves and small pieces of untreated cardboard can be composted. Meat, dairy and oily food are usually best left out of a basic backyard compost bin because they can attract pests and create smells. A mixture of moist, green materials and dry, brown materials helps a compost pile break down. ## How does it work? Tiny living things called decomposers break down organic matter. They need air and moisture. Turning the pile helps air move through it. If the pile is too dry, adding a little water may help; if it is too wet, mixing in dry leaves can help. The time needed depends on the materials and conditions. ## Conclusion A well-managed compost bin can reduce some household food and garden waste and produce compost that can be added to soil. Composting is not a way to put every kind of rubbish in a bin, so it is important to choose materials carefully.

Investigate the report

Use the draft above for Questions 1–5. Each question includes its own task and answer.

1.What is the main purpose of this report? Choose the best answer.

To entertain readers with a fictional composting adventure
To explain composting and give factual information about managing a basic compost bin
To persuade every household to buy a particular compost bin
To give step-by-step instructions for building a compost bin

2.Put the four report parts in their usual order by writing 1–4 beside each part: Final section; Body section ‘How does it work?’; Title; Opening section.

3.Match each report feature to its job: 1. Title; 2. Opening section; 3. Headings; 4. Final section. A. Groups information under clear topics; B. Names the report’s subject; C. Sums up the key message; D. Introduces the subject and tells readers what the report covers.

1. Title
2. Opening section
3. Headings
4. Final section

D. Introduces the subject and tells readers what the report covers
C. Sums up the key message
A. Groups information under clear topics
B. Names the report’s subject

4.Find one example of topic-specific vocabulary in the draft and explain what it means in this context.

5.Which detail in the draft best supports the idea that a compost pile needs care? Choose one.

The report has a title.
Turning the pile helps air move through it, and moisture may need adjusting.
The report is about home composting.
Compost can be added to soil.

Edit and strengthen

Use precise language and evidence. The goal is to make an informative report, not a story or an advertisement.

6.A student writes: ‘Composting is awesome and you should totally do it because it is the best.’ Rewrite this as a more objective sentence suitable for an informative report.

7.True or false? The draft says that meat and dairy are suitable for every basic backyard compost bin. Correct the statement if it is false.

TrueFalse

8.Fill in the blank with a report part: The names the topic.

9.Fill in the blank with a report part: The previews the report.

10.Fill in the blank with a report part: The gives detailed information.

11.Fill in the blank with a report part: The brings the main message together.

Plan your own short report

Choose one topic: native garden plants, reducing lunch rubbish, or how local streams stay healthy. Use the prompts to build a clear, factual report plan.

12.Choose one of the three topics and write a specific report title that tells the reader exactly what the report is about.

13.Write a two-sentence introduction for your chosen report. Name the topic and tell the reader which aspects the report will cover.

14.Plan two body headings for your chosen report. Under each heading, jot one relevant fact or question you would research; do not invent evidence.

15.Write a one-sentence conclusion for your planned report. Sum up its main message without adding a new topic or making an unsupported claim.