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Buffer Solutions Investigation

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Buffer Solutions Investigation

A quality-control team is testing an ethanoic acid buffer for a fermentation process. Use the data and practical plan below to analyse how well it resists pH change. Show working for calculations; assume volumes are additive and temperature is 25 °C unless stated otherwise.

Plan and chemistry

The team prepares an acidic buffer from ethanoic acid, CH₃COOH, and sodium ethanoate, CH₃COONa. For calculations use pKₐ = 4.76 and pH = pKₐ + log₁₀([CH₃COO⁻]/[CH₃COOH]).

1.Which pair of substances makes an effective acidic buffer? Choose one and explain why the other component is needed.
  • HCl and NaCl
  • CH₃COOH and CH₃COONa
  • NaOH and NaCl
  • H₂SO₄ and Na₂SO₄
2.Write the dissociation equilibrium of ethanoic acid. Identify the conjugate acid–base pair in the buffer.
3.Explain, using equations, how this buffer responds first to a small addition of hydrochloric acid and then to a small addition of sodium hydroxide.

Analyse the buffer data

A technician makes 100.0 mL samples. Each receives 1.00 mL of 0.100 mol L⁻¹ HCl or 1.00 mL of 0.100 mol L⁻¹ NaOH. Initial and final pH readings are recorded below.

Sample

Initial pH

Reagent added

Final pH

Distilled water

7.00

HCl

3.00

Buffer

4.76

HCl

4.67

Buffer

4.76

NaOH

4.85

2 printable pages

  • Buffer Solutions Investigation, page 1 of 2: Plan and chemistry

    Page 1

  • Buffer Solutions Investigation, page 2 of 2: Analyse the buffer data

    Page 2

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