📚 Part 1: Multiple Choice Questions

1. What is the primary function of bile in digestion?

Breaking down proteins into amino acids

Emulsifying fats to help lipase enzymes work

Absorbing vitamins from food

Killing harmful bacteria in the stomach

2. Where is bile produced in the human body?

Pancreas

Stomach

Liver

Small intestine

3. What is the approximate pH level of hydrochloric acid in the stomach?

pH 7 (neutral)

pH 1-2 (very acidic)

pH 8-9 (alkaline)

pH 5-6 (mildly acidic)

4. Which functions does hydrochloric acid perform in the stomach? (Tick all that apply)

Activates the enzyme pepsin

Kills harmful pathogens and bacteria

Breaks down food particles

Neutralises stomach acid

✏️ Part 2: Fill in the Blanks and Short Answers

5. Complete the sentences about bile:

Bile is produced by the _____________ and stored in the _____________. It has an _____________ nature, which helps to neutralise stomach acid when food enters the small intestine.

6. Explain why bile is essential for fat digestion.

7. What might happen to a person's digestion if their stomach didn't produce enough hydrochloric acid?

8. Why is it important that bile has an alkaline pH when it enters the small intestine?

🔬 Part 3: Application and Analysis

9. A student conducted an experiment mixing oil and water in two test tubes. In test tube A, they added bile salts, but in test tube B, they didn't. After shaking both tubes, what would they observe and why?

10. Describe how bile and hydrochloric acid work together to maintain an efficient digestive system.