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Atomic Structure & Periodic Table
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Atomic Structure & Periodic Table
Part 1: Atomic Structure Basics
1. What does the atomic number tell us about an atom?
The number of neutrons
The number of protons and electrons in a neutral atom
The total mass of the atom
The number of electron shells
2. Which of the following are subatomic particles? (Check all that apply)
Protons
Neutrons
Electrons
Ions
3. Carbon has an atomic number of 6. How many electrons does a neutral carbon atom have?
Answer: _________ electrons
4. If an atom has 11 protons and 12 neutrons, what is its approximate atomic mass?
Atomic mass = _________ amu (atomic mass units)
Part 2: Periodic Table & Valence Electrons
5. How many valence electrons do elements in Group 2 have?
1 valence electron
2 valence electrons
8 valence electrons
18 valence electrons
6. Fill in the table using the periodic table:
| Element | Atomic Number | Number of Protons | Number of Electrons (neutral atom) | Valence Electrons |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Oxygen (O) | _____ | _____ | _____ | _____ |
| Sodium (Na) | _____ | _____ | _____ | _____ |
| Chlorine (Cl) | _____ | _____ | _____ | _____ |
7. Explain the relationship between an element's group number and its valence electrons:
Part 3: Lewis Dot Diagrams
8. Draw Lewis Dot diagrams for the following elements (show the element symbol with dots representing valence electrons):
Example: Helium (He) has 2 valence electrons: He:
a) Lithium (Li):
b) Carbon (C):
c) Fluorine (F):
d) Neon (Ne):
9. Why are valence electrons important for understanding chemical bonding?
10. What pattern do you notice about the number of valence electrons as you move across a period (row) on the periodic table?
Notes Section
Use this space to write additional information, thoughts, or questions about atomic structure and the periodic table:
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