Forces and Motion Experiments

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📚 Part 1: Multiple Choice & Observations

Investigate forces, motion, and energy through experiments with pushes, pulls, and simple structures. Read each item and choose the best answer.

1. Which best describes a force?

A push or pull that can change an object's motion

A type of material

A form of light

A color

2. When you gently push a toy car on a smooth, flat surface, the car usually:

Speeds up, then slows due to friction

Immediately stops where it was pushed

Moves faster if you decrease its mass without changing the push

Turns into energy

3. Check all that are examples of forces you might test in class experiments:

A push on a toy car

A pull on a wagon

Gravity pulling a book toward the floor

Speed of the car (this is not a force)

4. True or False: Making a ramp steeper will increase the acceleration of a rolling car.

True

False

✏️ Part 2: Experiments & Short Answers

5. Plan an experiment (brief): State your testable question, one variable you will change, one you will keep the same, and how you will measure motion.

6. Data and calculation: You rolled a toy car down the same ramp twice. Run A: 8 ft in 4 s. Run B: 10 ft in 5 s. Calculate the average speed (ft/s) for each run and state which run was faster.

7. Draw your experiment setup. Label the ramp, car, direction of motion, and at least two forces (for example: gravity, friction, normal, push).

8. Conclusion (short): Based on your results, what did you learn about how force, mass, or ramp slope affects motion? Suggest one improvement for the experiment.