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Food Decomposition Heat Experiment

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Food Decomposition Heat Experiment

A food-science team wants to find out whether heating bread before storage affects later mould growth. The results below are simulated for learning: do not grow or open mouldy food. Mould spores can be harmful. Read the data, evaluate the investigation and explain what heat can—and cannot—tell us about decomposition.

The simulated investigation

Equal-sized bread pieces were heated for 10 minutes at the temperatures shown, cooled, then sealed in identical containers. The containers were stored at the same temperature and observed through the sealed walls. Mould coverage was estimated as a percentage of the bread surface. The containers were never opened.

Heating treatment

Day 0

Day 3

Day 6

Day 9

No heating (control)

0%

8%

35%

70%

60°C for 10 min

0%

5%

28%

61%

80°C for 10 min

0%

1%

12%

39%

100°C for 10 min

0%

0%

4%

18%

1.Identify the independent variable and the dependent variable in this investigation.
2.Which sample had the least mould coverage on Day 9? State the value and compare it with the unheated control.
3.Choose the conclusion best supported by the Day 9 results.
  • In this simulated investigation, higher heating treatments were associated with less mould coverage.
  • Heating always prevents all food spoilage.
  • Mould coverage increased because the bread was heated.
  • The results prove that heating temperature was the only factor affecting mould growth.
4.True or false: Visible mould growth is the same process as the bread browning during toasting. Explain your choice.
5.The team used equal-sized pieces and identical sealed containers. Explain why controlling these factors improves the investigation.
6.Name two other factors the team should keep constant, and explain how each could affect mould growth.
7.The Day 9 values for the 80°C and 100°C samples are 39% and 18%. Calculate the absolute difference in mould coverage, in percentage points.
8.Explain one reason these results do not prove that heating makes food safe to eat or prevents all decomposition.
9.Suggest one improvement that would make the results more reliable, and state how it would help.
10.Write a safety rule for handling an investigation involving food that might grow mould.

3 printable pages

  • Food Decomposition Heat Experiment, page 1 of 3: The simulated investigation

    Page 1

  • Food Decomposition Heat Experiment, page 2 of 3: 3. Choose the conclusion best supported by the Day 9 results.

    Page 2

  • Food Decomposition Heat Experiment, page 3 of 3: 9. Suggest one improvement that would make the results more reliable, and state how it…

    Page 3

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