Stars and Asteroid Elements
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Stars and Asteroid Elements
A star’s element story
Stars are huge spheres of very hot gas, mostly hydrogen and helium. In a star’s core, nuclear fusion joins small nuclei to make larger nuclei and releases energy. For most of a star’s life, hydrogen fuses into helium. In massive stars, later fusion stages can make elements such as carbon, oxygen and iron. Fusion does not make every element: many elements heavier than iron form during powerful events such as supernova explosions. A star’s life cycle depends on its mass; not every star becomes a supernova.
- Hydrogen
- Iron
- Silicon
- Nickel
Clues from space rocks
Asteroids are rocky or metallic objects left over from the early Solar System. Their compositions vary. Some contain iron and nickel metal; many rocky asteroids contain silicate minerals made mostly from silicon and oxygen. Gold is an element, but it is not one of the main materials commonly used to describe asteroids. Scientists use evidence from meteorites and spacecraft measurements to learn about asteroid composition.
- Iron
- Nickel
- Silicate minerals
- Gold as a main material
- Hydrogen
- Helium
- Iron and nickel
- Main product of hydrogen fusion
- Main fusion fuel in a star
- Metallic materials found in some asteroids
Matariki and the night sky
Matariki is the Māori name for the Pleiades star cluster. In Aotearoa New Zealand, its mid-winter rising has traditionally signalled a time for remembrance, gathering and looking ahead. Different iwi hold their own knowledge and practices connected with Matariki. Observing stars links careful attention to the sky with cultural knowledge and seasonal cycles.
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