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Standing Waves
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Standing Waves
Answer each question. Show working for calculations and include units. Use the wave relation v = fλ where needed.
Wave features
1.At which points on a standing wave is the displacement always zero?
- Antinodes
- Nodes
- Crests
- Troughs
2.Two neighbouring nodes on a standing wave are 0.24 m apart. What is the wavelength?
3.Which description best explains how a standing wave is produced?
- A wave travels through a medium and disappears.
- Two waves with the same frequency travel in opposite directions and interfere.
- Two waves with different frequencies travel in the same direction.
- A wave changes into a particle at a boundary.
4.Which of these commonly rely on standing waves to produce musical notes? Select all that apply.
- Flute air column
- Cello string
- Triangle percussion instrument
- Clarinet air column
Calculating wave properties
5.A taut string carries a wave at 300 m/s. Its frequency is 500 Hz. Calculate the wavelength.
6.A pipe closed at one end is 0.85 m long and is vibrating in its fundamental mode. If sound travels at 340 m/s, estimate the fundamental frequency.
7.A standing-wave pattern contains 3 full wavelengths along a 1.8 m string. Find the wavelength and the spacing between neighbouring nodes.
Explain and extend
8.Explain how interference creates nodes and antinodes in a standing wave. Include what happens to the displacement at each type of point.
9.A 0.40 m string vibrates in its fundamental mode at 550 Hz. Calculate the wave speed on the string. Then find the new fundamental frequency if the vibrating length is shortened to 0.25 m and the wave speed stays constant.
10.On a stretched string with constant wave speed, if the frequency rises, the wavelength .
11.In the fundamental mode on a stretched string with constant wave speed, shortening the vibrating length makes the frequency .
Node: a point that remains at zero displacement.
Antinode: a point with the greatest displacement.
Wave equation: v = fλ.
Spacing between neighbouring nodes: λ ÷ 2.
3 printable pages
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