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Probability Foundations Worksheets

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Probability Foundations Worksheets

Probability Foundations Worksheets

Probability dice and coins illustration

🎲 Part 1: Probability Vocabulary

1. Match each probability term with its correct definition:
1. Event
2. Outcome
3. Sample Space
4. Certain
A. All possible results of an experiment
B. Something that will definitely happen
C. A single result of an experiment
D. Something that might happen
2. Circle whether each event is certain, likely, unlikely, or impossible:

a) The sun will rise tomorrow

Certain

Likely

Unlikely

Impossible

b) Rolling a 7 on a standard dice (1-6)

Certain

Likely

Unlikely

Impossible

c) It will rain in Australia sometime this year

Certain

Likely

Unlikely

Impossible

🪃 Part 2: Indigenous Games and Probability

3. In the traditional Diyari koolchee game, players use marked sticks that can land in different ways. If there are 4 sticks and each can land either "marked side up" or "marked side down", list all possible outcomes for one stick:
4. For the Battendi game, players have different coloured stones. If you have 3 red stones and 2 blue stones in a bag, what is the sample space when drawing one stone?
5. Check all the outcomes that are possible when tossing two coins:

Head, Head

Head, Tail

Tail, Head

Tail, Tail

Head, Head, Head

📊 Part 3: Sample Spaces and Tree Diagrams

6. Complete the tree diagram for tossing a coin twice. Fill in the missing outcomes:

First Toss → Second Toss → Outcome

H → H → HH

H → T → ________

T → H → ________

T → T → ________

7. Create a two-way table for rolling two dice. In the space below, show what happens when you roll a red dice and a blue dice:
8. If you spin a spinner with 3 equal sections (Red, Blue, Green) twice, how many possible outcomes are there?

3

6

9

12

💻 Part 4: Digital Simulations and Experiments

9. Sarah conducted a digital simulation of tossing a coin 100 times. She got 47 heads and 53 tails. What is the relative frequency of getting heads?
10. Fill in the blanks about probability experiments:

When we do an experiment many times, the results get ________ to the theoretical probability. This is called the law of ________ numbers. Digital simulations help us do ________ trials quickly.

11. In a digital dice simulation, these results were recorded after 50 rolls:

Number 1: 8 times, Number 2: 9 times, Number 3: 7 times

Number 4: 10 times, Number 5: 8 times, Number 6: 8 times

a) What is the relative frequency of rolling a 4?

b) Which number appeared most often?

🎯 Part 5: Probability Scale and Real-World Events

12. Place these events on the probability scale by writing the letter in the correct position:

A) Rolling an even number on a dice (1-6)

B) Drawing a red card from a deck of only black cards

C) The next baby born will be either a boy or a girl

D) It will snow in Darwin in July

Impossible _____ _____ _____ _____ Certain

     0          0.25       0.5       0.75        1

13. Convert these probabilities between fractions, decimals, and percentages:

1/2 = _______ = _______%

0.25 = _______/_______ = _______%

75% = _______ = _______/_______

14. Explain in your own words why we get different results when different groups toss the same coin the same number of times:

🌏 Part 6: Cultural Connections and Reflection

15. How do traditional Indigenous Australian games like Gorri or Weme use probability and chance? Give one example:
16. Compare traditional probability games with modern digital simulations. List one similarity and one difference:

Similarity: ________________________________

Difference: ________________________________

17. Write one question you still have about probability or something you found interesting about chance and culture:

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