🦴 Part 1: Bone Tissue Knowledge

1. Which type of bone tissue forms the hard, outer layer of bones?

Compact bone

Spongy bone

Marrow tissue

Cartilage

2. Select ALL functions that bones perform in the human body:

Support body weight

Protect internal organs

Produce blood cells

Store minerals like calcium

Digest food

3. Fill in the blanks about bone structure:

The _________ bone tissue is dense and strong, forming the outer shell of bones. Inside, the _________ bone tissue has a honeycomb-like structure that makes bones lighter whilst maintaining strength. The hollow centre called the _________ _________ contains bone marrow that produces blood cells.

4. Match each bone tissue type to its main characteristics:

Compact Bone

Spongy Bone

Bone Marrow

Porous, lightweight structure

Dense, solid outer layer

Soft tissue that produces blood cells

🔬 Part 2: Investigation and Analysis

5. Look at the bone diagram at the top of this worksheet. Label the three main parts using these terms: Compact Bone, Spongy Bone, Marrow Cavity

6. Explain why bones need both compact and spongy bone tissue. Why not just use one type?

7. A bird's bones are hollow to help them fly. How is this similar to the structure of human bones? How does this help with hauora (wellbeing)?

8. Predict what might happen if someone had a disease that made their bones lose calcium. Explain your reasoning.

🎨 Part 3: Creative Extension Activities

9. Model Planning: You will create a 3D bone model using craft materials. In the space below, sketch your design and label what each material will represent:

10. Advanced Challenge: Research and compare bone density in different age groups. Why do elderly people have more fragile bones?

11. Extension Investigation: Choose ONE type of bone (long, short, flat, or irregular) and explain how its structure relates to its specific function in the body.

12. Reflection: After completing your bone model, explain one new thing you learned about bone structure and how it connects to human hauora.