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First Aid Fundamentals

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First Aid Fundamentals

Read the quick guide, then work through the emergency-response scenarios. In a real emergency, keep yourself safe, call 111 when needed, and follow the call taker’s instructions.

A simple response plan

Use DRSABCD as a guide: Danger—check for hazards; Response—check whether the person responds; Send for help—call 111 for a life-threatening emergency; Airway—check it is clear; Breathing—check for normal breathing; CPR—start if needed and you are able; Defibrillation—use an AED if available and follow its prompts. Do not put yourself at risk. First aid training is valuable, and the 111 call taker can guide you.

1.At a coastal walkway, you see a person on the ground. Before approaching, what should you do first?
  • Check for danger to yourself, the person and others
  • Move the person to a more comfortable place
  • Search their bag for identification
  • Begin CPR immediately
2.Put these actions in a sensible first-response order by numbering them 1–4: check for danger; check for a response; send for help if needed; check breathing. Explain why danger is checked first.
3.A person does not respond when you speak loudly and gently tap their shoulder. In New Zealand, what number should you call for an ambulance or other emergency service?
4.You call 111 about an unconscious person who is not breathing normally. Give four useful details to tell the call taker, and state what you should do after giving the information.

Scenario: the sports pavilion

During a weekend football match, a player collapses near the sideline. The area is clear of traffic and equipment. The player does not respond to a loud voice and gentle shoulder tap, and is not breathing normally. Another adult is nearby; an AED is available inside the pavilion.

5.In the sports pavilion scenario, identify two tasks you could ask the other adult to do while you stay with the player.
6.If you are trained or guided by the 111 call taker, which response is appropriate while waiting for help?
  • Start CPR and use the AED as soon as it arrives, following its voice prompts
  • Give the person food and water
  • Leave the person alone to find a first aid book
  • Wait silently and do not tell anyone else
7.True or false: If a casualty is unresponsive, you should always move them immediately, even when there is no danger.
TrueFalse
8.At a community event, a conscious person has a nosebleed. They are sitting safely and can follow instructions. Give two sensible first-aid actions and one thing they should avoid.
9.A teammate falls and may have injured their ankle. They are alert, and there is no danger nearby. Explain why you should not make them stand or move unnecessarily, and name one way to get help.
10.A friend says, “I’m not trained, so I should never help in an emergency.” Do you agree? Give a reason and one safe action an untrained person can take.

3 printable pages

  • First Aid Fundamentals, page 1 of 3: A simple response plan

    Page 1

  • First Aid Fundamentals, page 2 of 3: Scenario: the sports pavilion

    Page 2

  • First Aid Fundamentals, page 3 of 3: 9. A teammate falls and may have injured their ankle. They are alert, and there is no…

    Page 3

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