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Force and Motion Exploration

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Force and Motion Exploration

A small trolley must carry a parcel across a test track. Explore how pushes and surface friction affect its motion. You can use a toy car or trolley, a ruler or tape measure, and two safe surfaces. Ask an adult before moving furniture or testing near people. For a fair test, start from the same line and change only one thing at a time.

Read the test notes

On a smooth track, Maia released the trolley from the same start line after a gentle push. It travelled 25 cm. With a stronger push, it travelled 70 cm. On a rough mat, a gentle push made it travel only 12 cm. The trolley eventually stopped in every test. The tests were repeated once and gave similar results.

1.Choose the best description of a force in this investigation.
  • A push or pull that can change an object's movement
  • The colour or shape of an object
  • The distance an object travels
2.How much further did the trolley travel after the stronger push than after the gentle push on the smooth track? Show the subtraction.
3.Use the test notes to explain how changing the push affected the trolley's motion. Include the words force, speed and distance.
4.The trolley travelled 12 cm on the rough mat but 25 cm on the smooth track after a gentle push. Which surface had more friction, and what evidence supports your answer?
5.To find out whether surface type affects travel distance, keep the push and starting point the same and change only the surface.
TrueFalse
6.Match each word to its meaning.
  • Force
  • Friction
  • Distance
  • A force between surfaces that resists movement
  • A push or pull
  • How far an object travels
7.You want to test whether a stronger push makes the trolley travel further. Name one thing to change and two things to keep the same.
8.On the same surface, predict whether a very gentle push or a harder push will make the trolley travel further. Explain why.
9.Test a trolley or toy car with a gentle push and a stronger push on the same surface. Measure each distance from the start line. Record your actual results with units; if you cannot test, write “not tested” and state what you predict.
10.The trolley stopped after travelling along the track. What force helped slow it down? Name one other way the trolley could be made to stop.

2 printable pages

  • Force and Motion Exploration, page 1 of 2: Read the test notes

    Page 1

  • Force and Motion Exploration, page 2 of 2: 5. To find out whether surface type affects travel distance, keep the push and starting…

    Page 2

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